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CPC Physical Chemistry & Thermodynamics Flashcards

6 cards from real CPC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation describes the relationship between vapor pressure and:

    Answer: Temperature and enthalpy of vaporization

    The Clausius-Clapeyron equation ln(P2/P1) = −ΔHvap/R × (1/T2 − 1/T1) relates vapor pressure changes to temperature and the molar enthalpy of vaporization.

  2. Which quantum number determines the shape of an atomic orbital?

    Answer: Angular momentum quantum number (l)

    The angular momentum quantum number l defines the orbital shape: l=0 (s, spherical), l=1 (p, dumbbell), l=2 (d, more complex).

  3. For a reaction at equilibrium, doubling the concentration of a reactant that appears as first order will change the reaction quotient Q by a factor of:

    Answer: 2

    If a reactant appears as first order in the rate expression, doubling its concentration multiplies Q by 2, shifting the reaction toward products if Q > K.

  4. The Born-Haber cycle is used to calculate the lattice energy of an ionic compound by applying:

    Answer: Hess's law to a series of enthalpy steps

    The Born-Haber cycle applies Hess's law, summing experimentally known enthalpies (sublimation, ionization, electron affinity, dissociation, formation) to determine the otherwise inaccessible lattice energy.

  5. Which spectroscopic technique measures the absorption of microwave radiation to give information about molecular bond lengths and angles?

    Answer: Rotational (microwave) spectroscopy

    Microwave (rotational) spectroscopy probes transitions between rotational energy levels, providing precise molecular geometry data including bond lengths and bond angles.

  6. According to the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, a buffer has maximum buffering capacity when:

    Answer: pH = pKa

    When pH = pKa, the concentrations of weak acid and conjugate base are equal, maximizing the buffer's ability to neutralize both added acid and base.