Human Development and Lifespan Flashcards

A 6-year-old cannot finish a puzzle alone but completes it when a parent gives prompts. According to Vygotsky, this task falls within the child's:

Answer: Zone of proximal development

The zone of proximal development is the gap between what a learner can do alone and what they can do with guidance.

A 52-year-old client says he feels he has contributed nothing to the next generation and his life feels stagnant. Which Eriksonian crisis is most relevant?

Answer: Generativity vs. stagnation

Generativity vs. stagnation is the middle-adulthood crisis about guiding and contributing to future generations.

A person argues that an unjust law should be broken because it violates universal ethical principles of human dignity. This reflects which Kohlberg level?

Answer: Postconventional

Postconventional reasoning relies on self-chosen universal principles that may go beyond laws.

An infant approaches the caregiver at reunion but then freezes and shows dazed, contradictory behavior in the Strange Situation. This pattern is classified as:

Answer: Disorganized

Main and Solomon described disorganized attachment, often linked to frightening or abusive caregiving.

A child correctly says two rows of coins have the same number even after one row is spread out. According to Piaget, this ability typically emerges in which stage?

Answer: Concrete operational

Conservation is a hallmark of the concrete operational stage, roughly ages 7 to 11.

A college freshman plans to become a dentist only because her parents expect it and has never considered other options. Marcia would describe her identity status as:

Answer: Foreclosure

Foreclosure is commitment without exploration, often adopting others' values.

Which sequence correctly lists Kübler-Ross's original stages of grief?

Answer: Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Kübler-Ross proposed denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance, though people do not always go through them in order.