COT Ocular Anatomy and Physiology 5

Question 1

Which extraocular muscle is the only one innervated by the trochlear nerve (CN IV)?

Accepted Answer

Superior oblique

Answer

The trochlear nerve (CN IV) exclusively innervates the superior oblique muscle, which depresses, intorts, and abducts the eye.

Question 2

The crystalline lens receives its nutrition primarily from:

Accepted Answer

Aqueous and vitreous humor

Answer

The avascular crystalline lens depends entirely on diffusion from the aqueous humor anteriorly and vitreous humor posteriorly for nutrients.

Question 3

Which type of collagen is the predominant component of the vitreous humor?

Accepted Answer

Type II collagen

Answer

Type II collagen fibrils form the scaffolding of the vitreous gel, interspersed with hyaluronic acid.

Question 4

The pupillary light reflex afferent pathway travels via which cranial nerve?

Accepted Answer

Cranial nerve II

Answer

The afferent limb of the pupillary light reflex travels along cranial nerve II (optic nerve) to the pretectal nucleus in the midbrain.

Question 5

The macula lutea gets its yellow color from which pigments?

Accepted Answer

Lutein and zeaxanthin

Answer

Lutein and zeaxanthin are carotenoid pigments concentrated in the macula that filter blue light and protect against oxidative damage.

COT - Certified Ophthalmic Technician Practice Test