Ocular Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
6 cards from real COT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Ocular Anatomy and Physiology flashcards as text
Which muscle of the iris is responsible for pupil constriction (miosis)?
Answer: Sphincter pupillae
The sphincter pupillae is a circular smooth muscle innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system via CN III that constricts the pupil.
Bruch's membrane is located between which two structures?
Answer: RPE and choriocapillaris
Bruch's membrane is a thin, five-layered extracellular matrix that separates the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) from the choriocapillaris.
The superior oblique muscle is innervated by which cranial nerve?
Answer: CN IV
Cranial nerve IV (trochlear nerve) innervates the superior oblique muscle, which intorts, depresses, and abducts the eye.
The vitreous humor occupies what percentage of the total volume of the eye?
Answer: 80%
The vitreous humor occupies approximately 80% of the total ocular volume, filling the posterior segment between the lens and retina.
Which cells in the trabecular meshwork are responsible for phagocytosis of debris in the aqueous outflow pathway?
Answer: Trabecular cells
Trabecular cells (trabecular meshwork cells) are phagocytic and help maintain outflow facility by clearing debris from the intertrabecular spaces.
The corneal epithelium is replaced approximately every how many days under normal conditions?
Answer: 5–7 days
The corneal epithelium completely renews itself approximately every 5–7 days, supplied by limbal stem cells at the corneal periphery.