COPR Medical, Endocrine, Neurological and Toxicological Emergencies

Question 1

A conscious, cooperative diabetic patient who can swallow has a blood glucose of 2.8 mmol/L. What is the most appropriate treatment?

Accepted Answer

Oral glucose

Answer

A patient who is alert and able to swallow safely should receive oral glucose. IV dextrose or IM glucagon is reserved for patients who cannot protect their airway or take oral glucose.

Question 2

For a suspected stroke patient, which piece of history is most critical for determining eligibility for time-sensitive reperfusion therapy?

Accepted Answer

Time the patient was last known well

Answer

Thrombolysis and thrombectomy have strict time windows measured from when the patient was last known to be normal. Accurately establishing that time is a key paramedic responsibility.

Question 3

A patient with a suspected opioid overdose has slow, shallow respirations and an SpO2 of 78%. What is the priority?

Accepted Answer

Support ventilation with a BVM and oxygen, and give naloxone as indicated

Answer

Respiratory depression is the life threat in opioid toxicity. Airway support and ventilation take priority, and naloxone is titrated to restore adequate breathing.

Question 4

Which is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis with airway compromise or hypotension?

Accepted Answer

Intramuscular epinephrine in the lateral thigh

Answer

IM epinephrine, given in the anterolateral thigh, is the first-line life-saving treatment for anaphylaxis. Antihistamines, steroids and bronchodilators are adjuncts.

Question 5

A patient with deep, rapid respirations, a fruity breath odour, polyuria and a very high blood glucose most likely has which condition?

Accepted Answer

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer

Kussmaul respirations, fruity (acetone) breath and hyperglycemia are hallmarks of diabetic ketoacidosis. The deep breathing compensates for metabolic acidosis.

COPR - Canadian Organization of Paramedic Regulators Examination Practice Test

COPR - Canadian Organization of Paramedic Regulators Examination Practice Test

COPR Medical, Endocrine, Neurological and Toxicological Emergencies