ITF Concepts and Terminology Flashcards

Which term describes the process of converting data into an unreadable format to protect it from unauthorized access?

Answer: Encryption

Encryption transforms data into ciphertext using an algorithm and key, making it unreadable without the correct decryption key.

What is the term for the physical components that make up a computer system?

Answer: Hardware

Hardware refers to the tangible, physical components of a computer system such as the CPU, RAM, and storage drives.

Which concept refers to the ability of a system to continue operating even if one component fails?

Answer: Fault tolerance

Fault tolerance is the capability of a system to keep functioning when one or more of its components fail.

What does the acronym 'URL' stand for in the context of internet resources?

Answer: Uniform Resource Locator

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator and specifies the address of a resource on the internet.

In computing, what does 'latency' refer to?

Answer: The delay before data transfer begins

Latency is the time delay between initiating a request and receiving a response, often measured in milliseconds.

Which term describes software that manages hardware resources and provides services for computer programs?

Answer: Operating system

An operating system (OS) manages hardware resources, provides a user interface, and allows application software to run.

What is the purpose of a 'driver' in a computer system?

Answer: To allow the OS to communicate with hardware devices

A driver is software that enables the operating system to interact with and control a specific hardware device.