Biomedical Sciences Flashcards
6 cards from real COMLEX-USA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Biomedical Sciences flashcards as text
Which structure in the nephron is primarily responsible for concentrating urine through countercurrent multiplication?
Answer: Loop of Henle
The loop of Henle creates a hyperosmotic medullary gradient via countercurrent multiplication, enabling the collecting duct to concentrate urine.
Wernicke's area, responsible for language comprehension, is located in which brain region?
Answer: Superior temporal gyrus, dominant hemisphere
Wernicke's area is in the posterior superior temporal gyrus of the dominant hemisphere and is critical for language comprehension.
A missense mutation results in:
Answer: A single amino acid substitution
A missense mutation changes a single nucleotide such that it codes for a different amino acid, potentially altering protein function.
The bile salt-independent fraction of bile secretion is driven primarily by which mechanism?
Answer: Bicarbonate secretion by cholangiocytes
Cholangiocytes secrete bicarbonate via CFTR and AE2 exchangers, driving water flow and contributing to the bile salt-independent fraction of bile.
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the afferent limb of the corneal reflex?
Answer: CN V1 (ophthalmic branch of trigeminal)
The ophthalmic branch (V1) of the trigeminal nerve carries sensory input from the cornea as the afferent limb of the corneal reflex.
Which phase of fever is characterized by peripheral vasoconstriction and shivering?
Answer: Chill phase
The chill (prodromal) phase of fever involves peripheral vasoconstriction and shivering as the body raises its temperature to the new hypothalamic set point.