Supply Chain & Logistics Management Flashcards
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Read the first 7 Supply Chain & Logistics Management flashcards as text
A company experiences a sudden supplier bankruptcy. Which risk mitigation strategy would BEST address single-source dependency?
Answer: Dual-source or multi-source critical components
Dual- or multi-sourcing critical components eliminates single-supplier dependency and ensures supply continuity if one source fails.
Which metric measures the percentage of customer orders fulfilled completely from available stock without backorders?
Answer: Fill rate
Fill rate measures the proportion of customer demand satisfied immediately from on-hand inventory without stockouts or backorders.
In a cross-docking operation, inbound shipments are:
Answer: Transferred directly to outbound vehicles with minimal storage
Cross-docking transfers goods from inbound to outbound docks with little or no warehousing, reducing handling time and storage costs.
The Bullwhip Effect in supply chains refers to:
Answer: Demand variability amplification as orders move upstream
The Bullwhip Effect describes how small fluctuations in end-consumer demand get amplified into larger order swings as they travel upstream through the supply chain.
A 3PL provider differs from a 4PL provider primarily because a 4PL:
Answer: Manages the entire supply chain including multiple 3PLs
A 4PL (fourth-party logistics) provider acts as a supply chain integrator, managing a company's entire logistics network including oversight of multiple 3PLs.
Which inventory valuation method assumes the most recently purchased goods are sold first, resulting in higher COGS during inflation?
Answer: LIFO
LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) assumes the newest inventory is sold first, which increases cost of goods sold and reduces taxable income during inflationary periods.
A company's Days Inventory Outstanding (DIO) decreased from 45 to 30 days. This change indicates:
Answer: Inventory is being converted to sales more quickly
A lower DIO means inventory is turning over faster, indicating the company is converting stock into sales more efficiently.