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Toxicology and Biohazards Flashcards

7 cards from real COHN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A worker is exposed to an organophosphate pesticide. Which set of symptoms is MOST characteristic of this exposure?

    Answer: Excessive salivation, miosis, bradycardia

    Organophosphates inhibit acetylcholinesterase, causing cholinergic toxidrome with SLUDGE symptoms (salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, GI distress, emesis), miosis, and bradycardia.

  2. Under OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogen Standard, which of the following is classified as Other Potentially Infectious Material (OPIM)?

    Answer: Cerebrospinal fluid and semen

    OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogen Standard classifies cerebrospinal fluid, semen, vaginal secretions, and several other body fluids as OPIM regardless of visible blood content.

  3. The biological exposure index (BEI) for a chemical is BEST described as:

    Answer: A reference value for assessing biological monitoring results in exposed workers

    BEIs are reference values established by ACGIH for evaluating biological monitoring results, representing levels of determinants observed in healthy workers exposed at the TLV.

  4. A chemical with a Threshold Limit Value-Ceiling (TLV-C) must NEVER be exceeded:

    Answer: At any time during the work shift

    TLV-C is a ceiling concentration that should not be exceeded at any time, unlike TLV-TWA or TLV-STEL which allow time averaging.

  5. A laser cutter operator reports eye irritation and blurred vision. Which type of radiation hazard is MOST relevant to this worker?

    Answer: Non-ionizing radiation from coherent light

    Lasers emit coherent non-ionizing radiation that can cause severe retinal burns and corneal damage; proper laser safety eyewear rated for the specific wavelength is required.

  6. Which federal agency sets Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) for chemical hazards in the workplace?

    Answer: OSHA

    OSHA establishes legally enforceable PELs under 29 CFR 1910.1000, while NIOSH issues recommended exposure limits (RELs) and ACGIH publishes non-mandatory TLVs.

  7. A worker with chronic low-level mercury vapor exposure is MOST likely to present with which early symptom?

    Answer: Fine tremor of the hands and irritability

    Early chronic mercury vapor toxicity classically presents with erethism (irritability, shyness, memory loss) and fine intentional tremor before more severe neurological signs appear.