COF Pediatric Orthotics 3

Question 1

Metatarsus adductus in an infant is BEST described as:

Accepted Answer

Adduction of the forefoot relative to a normally aligned hindfoot

Answer

Inward rotation of the entire lower limb including the hip

Answer

Plantarflexion deformity of the entire foot

Answer

Excessive valgus of the hindfoot with forefoot abduction

Question 2

At what Cobb angle range is spinal bracing typically recommended for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in a skeletally immature patient?

Accepted Answer

25 to 40 degrees

Answer

Less than 10 degrees

Answer

10 to 24 degrees

Answer

Greater than 45 degrees

Question 3

A child with a myelomeningocele lesion at the L3-L4 level will MOST likely require which orthotic device to achieve functional ambulation?

Accepted Answer

Knee-ankle-foot orthoses (KAFOs) or hip-knee-ankle-foot orthoses (HKAFOs)

Answer

Foot orthoses (FOs) only

Answer

A spinal orthosis only

Answer

Upper extremity orthoses only

Question 4

What is the primary biomechanical purpose of a twister cable orthosis in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Address rotational deformities of the lower extremity, such as internal tibial or femoral torsion

Answer

Correct lateral trunk shift from scoliosis

Answer

Support ankle plantarflexion weakness

Answer

Manage hip dysplasia by maintaining abduction

Question 5

Which of the following is a contraindication for using a Pavlik harness to treat DDH?

Accepted Answer

Teratologic (irreducible) hip dislocation or failed reduction after 6 months of age

Answer

Infant age under 3 months

Answer

Bilateral hip involvement

Answer

Female sex

Question 6

Which casting technique is considered the gold standard for capturing subtalar neutral position when fabricating custom pediatric foot orthoses?

Accepted Answer

Non-weight-bearing neutral suspension casting

Answer

Full weight-bearing plaster slipper cast

Answer

Walking foam box impression

Answer

Digital scan in bilateral stance

Question 7

Which skeletal maturity indicator is used to determine when bracing for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis can be safely discontinued?

Accepted Answer

Risser sign grade 4 or 5

Answer

Patient reaching 18 years of age

Answer

Cobb angle decreasing below 10 degrees

Answer

Patient height remaining stable for 6 consecutive months