CO Anatomy, Biomechanics & Pathophysiology of the Musculoskeletal System 3

Question 1

In the context of orthotic prescription, 'genu recurvatum' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Hyperextension of the knee beyond neutral in the sagittal plane

Answer

Genu recurvatum is abnormal hyperextension of the knee joint past 0° in the sagittal plane, often seen in patients with quadriceps weakness or ligamentous laxity.

Question 2

Which anatomical structure is the primary static stabilizer of the medial ankle against eversion stress?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid ligament complex

Answer

The deltoid ligament is a strong, fan-shaped medial complex that is the primary restraint against eversion and lateral talar shift.

Question 3

Post-polio syndrome differs from acute poliomyelitis in that it presents as:

Accepted Answer

Progressive new weakness and fatigue in muscles previously affected or unaffected, without new viral activity

Answer

Post-polio syndrome is a non-inflammatory condition of new progressive weakness occurring 15–40 years after acute polio, thought to involve overuse of remaining motor units.

Question 4

The center of mass (COM) of the human body in anatomical position is located approximately:

Accepted Answer

Just anterior to S2 vertebra in the pelvis

Answer

The COM in the average adult is located just anterior to the second sacral vertebra, roughly 55% of standing height from the ground.

Question 5

In a patient with L4 nerve root compression, which clinical finding is most characteristic?

Accepted Answer

Weakness of ankle dorsiflexion with diminished patellar reflex

Answer

L4 nerve root compression classically causes ankle dorsiflexor weakness (and occasionally inversion weakness), reduced patellar reflex, and medial leg/ankle sensory deficit.

(CO) Certified Orthotics Specialist Practice Test

(CO) Certified Orthotics Specialist Practice Test

CO Anatomy, Biomechanics & Pathophysiology of the Musculoskeletal System 3