CNS CNS Nutrition Across the Lifespan 2

Question 1

In older adults (>70 years), the RDA for protein increases compared to younger adults. What is the currently recommended daily protein intake for healthy older adults to preserve muscle mass?

Accepted Answer

1.0–1.2 g/kg body weight/day

Answer

Evidence supports 1.0–1.2 g/kg/day for older adults to counteract sarcopenia, with the standard DRI of 0.8 g/kg/day considered insufficient to maintain lean mass in aging.

Question 2

Which condition caused by age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function significantly increases fall and fracture risk in older adults?

Accepted Answer

Sarcopenia

Answer

Sarcopenia (from Greek 'poverty of flesh') is characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, increasing risk of falls, fractures, and functional decline.

Question 3

The Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI) DETERMINE checklist is used to identify nutritional risk in which population?

Accepted Answer

Older adults / elderly

Answer

The DETERMINE checklist (Disease, Eating poorly, Tooth loss, Economic hardship, Reduced social contact, Multiple medications, Involuntary weight loss, Needs assistance, Elder years) screens older adults for malnutrition risk.

Question 4

Breastfed infants in the United States are routinely supplemented with 400 IU/day of which vitamin because breast milk provides insufficient amounts?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Human breast milk contains only 12–60 IU/L of vitamin D, far below infant needs; the AAP recommends 400 IU/day supplementation beginning within the first few days of life.

Question 5

What is the primary cause of the reduced vitamin B12 absorption commonly seen in older adults, often requiring supplementation with crystalline B12?

Accepted Answer

Atrophic gastritis reducing intrinsic factor and gastric acid

Answer

Atrophic gastritis, prevalent in 10–30% of older adults, reduces gastric acid and intrinsic factor secretion, impairing protein-bound B12 digestion but sparing absorption of crystalline (free) B12.

CNS - Certified Nutrition Specialist Exam Practice Test

CNS - Certified Nutrition Specialist Exam Practice Test

CNS CNS Nutrition Across the Lifespan 2