CNA Basic Nursing Skills 10
Which of the following best helps reduce pressure on the bony prominences?
A bedridden client can quickly develop pressure sores if allowed to remain in one position. To prevent the skin from breaking down, reposition the client at least every two hours. Use pillows to support the client and to relieve places where skin can rub, such as between the legs or at the tailbone. Always keep the skin clean and dry. A sheepskin on the bed or wheelchair provides extra padding, but does not replace repositioning. Observe the skin for reddened areas and report them to the nurse. Special beds and flotation mattresses are helpful in preventing pressure sores.
While making an empty bed, the nurse aide sees that the side rail is broken. The nurse aide SHOULD
Every staff member is responsible for keeping clients safe at all times. This includes monitoring all equipment and reporting when anything needs repair. Never use broken equipment or try to create a temporary solution if equipment is not working properly. Tag the broken bed and move it so that another client can't use it. Replace it immediately with one that has functioning side rails.
Which of the following people provide treatment for persons who have difficulty talking due to disorders such as a stroke or physical defects?
When a client is unable to speak clearly or has trouble forming words, a speech therapist can help improve problems from strokes, physical defects, and swallowing disorders. Speech therapists work with both adults and children. They are qualified to evaluate, diagnose, and treat clients.
A nurse assistant notices red marks on a resident’s back and buttocks. The aide acts in the knowledge that
A reddened area is the first sign of skin breakdown. It means that there is pressure and a lack of blood circulation to the area. The nurse aide should immediately reposition the client to eliminate pressure. Clients who are not mobile need to be repositioned at least every two hours. Never massage a reddened area, as this will increase the damage. Keep the client clean from perspiration, urine, and feces. Continue to observe the skin and report to the nurse if the marks do not quickly disappear.
Most of our calories should come from
A balanced diet is essential for health. When nutrients are taken in the right combination of calories, the client's desired weight is maintained. Carbohydrates supply fuel for the body, so 45-65% of calories should come from carbohydrates. The energy is stored in the muscles and the liver for immediate or future use, as well as for the brain to function. Fat and protein have important roles, but are not good for energy sources.
To help ensure adequate circulation to prevent skin breakdown, you could
One of the primary responsibilities of a nurse aide is to monitor the client's skin for any signs of breakdown. During baths, dressing, or position changes, inspect the skin for redness, pallor, warmth, or bruising. Reposition at least every two hours, protecting areas that rub together, as well as the bony prominences. Massages to the back and buttocks can promote circulation. Range-of-motion exercises are also helpful. Always report any signs of breakdown to the nurse.
Before performing any procedure a nurse aide must
Clinical standards state that all health care professionals must identify the client by checking the ID band or tag before providing care. They should wash their hands before and after an encounter with a client. They should also explain what they are going to do and give the client an opportunity to ask questions before proceeding.
In the Nursing Care Plan you note it is written; “O2 per N/C @3L, Orthopnea pos. as needed”. As a CNA you know this means
This nursing care plan means that the client is receiving oxygen at a constant rate of 3 liters per minute, using a nasal cannula. If the client has difficulty breathing, the CNA can assist the client to sit in a Fowler's (upright) position. Every facility has a list of approved abbreviations. The CNA should become familiar with these, for reading care plans and for doing documentation.
In report the nurse aide is told that one of her patients has been ordered NPO after midnight. The aide should
NPO is a common medical term that means the client can not eat or drink anything, including water or ice chips. A doctor orders a patient to be NPO at midnight for situations such as before surgery or certain lab work. The nurse aide can provide mouth care for a client who is NPO. Placing a "NPO" sign over the client's bed and on the client's door will remind all staff members not to give the client anything to eat or drink.