CMT Cremation & Alternative Disposition Flashcards

What is the typical temperature range inside a cremation retort during the primary chamber combustion phase?

Answer: 1,400°F to 1,800°F (760°C to 982°C)

The primary cremation chamber operates between approximately 1,400°F and 1,800°F to fully combust soft tissue while reducing the body to bone fragments.

What are the remaining bone fragments called after the cremation process is complete?

Answer: Cremated remains (cremains) or calcined bone fragments

The correct technical term for remains after cremation is 'cremated remains' or 'calcined bone fragments,' though 'ashes' is used colloquially by families.

Before a cremation can legally begin in most US states, what document must be obtained?

Answer: Authorization for cremation from the legally authorized next-of-kin AND a cremation permit from the medical examiner or registrar

Most states require both written family authorization and a government-issued cremation permit before cremation can proceed, as the process is irreversible.

What is the function of the secondary (afterburner) chamber in a cremation retort?

Answer: To combust gases, smoke, and particulates from the primary chamber to reduce emissions

The secondary (afterburner) chamber burns off combustion gases and particulates from the primary chamber to minimize air pollution and comply with EPA standards.

How long does a standard adult cremation typically take in a modern cremation retort?

Answer: 2 to 3 hours

A standard adult cremation typically takes 2 to 3 hours depending on body size and retort temperature, after which the cremated remains are processed.

What piece of equipment is used to process (grind) calcified bone fragments into the uniform powder that families receive?

Answer: Cremulator (processor)

A cremulator (also called a cremation processor) mechanically grinds calcified bone fragments into the consistent fine material that is placed in an urn or container for families.