CMSRN CMSRN - Medical-Surgical Nursing Cardiovascular and Hematological Care Questions and Answers 3

Question 1

A patient is admitted with a hemoglobin of 6.2 g/dL and is prescribed a transfusion of packed red blood cells. Which action should the nurse take first?

Accepted Answer

Verify the blood product with another licensed nurse at the bedside

Answer

Obtain a set of vital signs after starting the infusion

Answer

Premedicate the patient with diphenhydramine

Answer

Set the infusion pump to deliver the unit over 6 hours

Question 2

A nurse is monitoring a patient after a cardiac catheterization via the femoral artery. Which finding requires immediate intervention?

Accepted Answer

A rapidly expanding hematoma at the insertion site

Answer

A palpable dorsalis pedis pulse in the affected extremity

Answer

Mild soreness at the catheter insertion site

Answer

Blood pressure of 128/78 mmHg

Question 3

A patient with chronic kidney disease develops normocytic normochromic anemia. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering?

Accepted Answer

Epoetin alfa (Procrit)

Answer

Ferrous sulfate

Answer

Vitamin B12 injections

Answer

Folic acid supplements

Question 4

During electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation, the nurse notes ST-segment elevation in leads II, III, and aVF. Which coronary artery is most likely occluded?

Accepted Answer

Right coronary artery

Answer

Left anterior descending artery

Answer

Left circumflex artery

Answer

Left main coronary artery

Question 5

A patient with a mechanical heart valve asks why warfarin is prescribed instead of a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC). What is the most accurate response?

Accepted Answer

Warfarin is the only anticoagulant proven safe and effective for mechanical heart valves

Answer

DOACs work faster so they are reserved for emergency situations only

Answer

Warfarin is less expensive than DOACs for long-term use

Answer

DOACs are only approved for patients over age 65

Question 6

A nurse is caring for a patient in cardiogenic shock. Which hemodynamic finding is expected?

Accepted Answer

Elevated pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) and decreased cardiac output

Answer

Decreased PAWP and increased cardiac output

Answer

Elevated cardiac output and decreased systemic vascular resistance

Answer

Normal PAWP with elevated mixed venous oxygen saturation