CMLA Phlebotomy 3

Question 1

What does 'reflux' mean in the context of venipuncture, and how is it prevented?

Accepted Answer

Backflow of tube additive into the vein; prevented by keeping arm downward and tube below venipuncture site

Answer

Reflux occurs when additive flows back from the tube into the patient's vein; maintaining a downward arm position and correct tube angle prevents this.

Question 2

A phlebotomist notices a patient's arm has petechiae after tourniquet application. This most likely indicates:

Accepted Answer

Capillary fragility or a platelet disorder

Answer

Petechiae are small hemorrhages caused by capillary fragility or a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia), signaling a potential bleeding disorder.

Question 3

Which specimen requires transport in a biohazard bag with a separate compartment for the requisition form?

Accepted Answer

All clinical laboratory specimens

Answer

OSHA and CLSI standards require all patient specimens to be transported in leak-proof biohazard bags with the requisition kept separate to prevent contamination.

Question 4

What action should a phlebotomist take if a patient begins to faint (syncope) during venipuncture?

Accepted Answer

Remove the needle immediately, apply pressure, and lower the patient's head or have them lie down

Answer

Immediate needle removal prevents injury, and lowering the head increases cerebral blood flow to manage vasovagal syncope.

Question 5

What is the maximum recommended time a tourniquet should remain applied before venipuncture?

Accepted Answer

1 minute

Answer

Tourniquet application beyond 1 minute causes hemoconcentration and can alter analyte results such as potassium, calcium, and protein.

(CMLA) Certified Medical Laboratory Assistant Practice Test

(CMLA) Certified Medical Laboratory Assistant Practice Test

CMLA Phlebotomy 3