CMLA Immunology & Serology

Question 1

What type of immunity is acquired through vaccination?

Accepted Answer

Artificial active immunity

Answer

Vaccination introduces antigens artificially to stimulate the body's own immune system to produce antibodies, which is classified as artificial active immunity.

Question 2

Which immunoglobulin is the most abundant in serum and provides long-term immunity?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Answer

IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin in serum (~75-80% of total), provides long-term immunity, and is the only class that crosses the placenta.

Question 3

Which complement pathway is activated by antigen-antibody (immune) complexes?

Accepted Answer

Classical pathway

Answer

The classical complement pathway is initiated when C1q binds to antigen-antibody complexes, triggering the complement cascade.

Question 4

What is the primary function of B lymphocytes in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Antibody (immunoglobulin) production

Answer

B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells that produce antigen-specific antibodies (immunoglobulins), mediating humoral immunity.

Question 5

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is mediated by IgE antibodies and occurs immediately upon antigen exposure?

Accepted Answer

Type I (anaphylactic)

Answer

Type I hypersensitivity is mediated by IgE antibodies bound to mast cells and basophils; cross-linking by antigen triggers immediate degranulation.

(CMLA) Certified Medical Laboratory Assistant Practice Test

(CMLA) Certified Medical Laboratory Assistant Practice Test

CMLA Immunology & Serology