CMLA Chemistry Basics 2

Question 1

Which type of chemical bond involves the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Answer

Ionic bonds form when one atom completely transfers electrons to another, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other.

Question 2

A solution with a pH of 3 is how many times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 5?

Accepted Answer

100 times

Answer

Each pH unit represents a 10-fold difference, so a difference of 2 pH units equals 100-fold difference in hydrogen ion concentration.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes an oxidation reaction?

Accepted Answer

Loss of electrons

Answer

Oxidation is defined as the loss of electrons from a substance, while reduction is the gain of electrons.

Question 4

What is the molarity of a solution containing 2 moles of NaCl dissolved in 500 mL of water?

Accepted Answer

4 M

Answer

Molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution = 2 mol / 0.5 L = 4 M.

Question 5

In a clinical lab, a buffer solution is used primarily to:

Accepted Answer

Resist changes in pH

Answer

Buffers resist changes in pH by neutralizing added acids or bases, maintaining a stable environment for chemical reactions.

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