Urinalysis Flashcards
7 cards from real CMLA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Urinalysis flashcards as text
Which reagent strip pad detects leukocyte esterase in urine?
Answer: Esterase enzyme from granulocytes
Leukocyte esterase pads detect the esterase enzyme released by lysed granulocytes (primarily neutrophils) in urine.
Bilirubin in urine produces what characteristic finding when the specimen is shaken?
Answer: Yellow foam
Bilirubin in urine produces a yellow foam when shaken, which helps differentiate it from other causes of yellow discoloration.
Which condition would cause false-negative glucose results on a urine dipstick?
Answer: High vitamin C (ascorbic acid) concentration
High ascorbic acid concentrations interfere with the glucose oxidase reaction, causing false-negative dipstick glucose results.
What type of cast is associated with end-stage renal disease or chronic renal failure?
Answer: Waxy cast
Waxy casts form from degenerated granular casts in dilated, damaged tubules and are associated with severe chronic renal disease.
A first-morning urine specimen is preferred for pregnancy tests because:
Answer: It has the highest concentration of hCG
First-morning urine contains the highest concentration of hCG due to overnight accumulation, improving test sensitivity.
Which urine crystal is seen in patients with cystinuria and appears as hexagonal plates?
Answer: Cystine
Cystine crystals form colorless hexagonal plates and are pathological, indicating cystinuria, an inherited amino acid disorder.
The urine dipstick protein test primarily detects which protein?
Answer: Albumin
The dipstick protein pad uses the protein error of indicators principle and is most sensitive to albumin.