CMI CMI Pathology & Disease Processes 2

Question 1

Which morphological pattern best represents caseous necrosis as seen in tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

Cheesy, amorphous eosinophilic material

Answer

Caseous necrosis in tuberculosis appears as soft, cheese-like amorphous eosinophilic debris lacking recognizable cell structure.

Question 2

When illustrating metastatic spread, which route do carcinomas most commonly use?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic spread

Answer

Carcinomas (epithelial malignancies) most commonly spread via lymphatic channels, whereas sarcomas favor hematogenous routes.

Question 3

Which cell type forms the granuloma core in chronic granulomatous inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Epithelioid macrophages

Answer

Granulomas are characterized by a central aggregate of epithelioid macrophages, often surrounded by lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells.

Question 4

In illustrating cirrhosis, which fibrous change replaces normal hepatic architecture?

Accepted Answer

Bridging fibrosis forming regenerative nodules

Answer

Cirrhosis is defined by diffuse bridging fibrosis that subdivides the liver into regenerative parenchymal nodules, disrupting normal architecture.

Question 5

Which vascular change is illustrated in hypertensive end-organ damage to small arteries?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinoid necrosis and hyaline arteriolosclerosis

Answer

Chronic hypertension causes hyaline arteriolosclerosis (protein deposition) and in malignant hypertension, fibrinoid necrosis of arteriolar walls.

(CMI) Certified Medical Illustrator Practice Test