Anatomy & Physiology Related to Electrology Flashcards

The dermal papilla of the hair follicle is BEST described as:

Answer: A vascularized connective tissue structure that nourishes the hair matrix

The dermal papilla is a vascularized connective tissue projection at the base of the follicle that delivers nutrients to the hair matrix cells.

Which skin phototype according to the Fitzpatrick scale is associated with the HIGHEST risk of post-treatment hyperpigmentation in electrolysis?

Answer: Types V–VI

Darker skin types (Fitzpatrick V–VI) have more reactive melanocytes, making them more prone to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation after electrolysis.

The external root sheath of the hair follicle is a downward continuation of which skin layer?

Answer: Epidermis

The external root sheath is a direct downward extension of the epidermis that lines the outer wall of the hair follicle.

Eccrine sweat glands are found in all of the following locations EXCEPT:

Answer: Lips

Eccrine glands are absent on the lips (and nail beds), whereas they are densely distributed on palms, soles, and axillae.

During the catagen phase, the hair follicle:

Answer: Undergoes regression and shrinks

Catagen is a transitional regression phase lasting 2–3 weeks during which the follicle shrinks and cell division ceases.

Which layer of the epidermis is MOST mitotically active and contains stem cells?

Answer: Stratum basale

The stratum basale (basal layer) contains keratinocyte stem cells that continuously divide to replenish the epidermis.

Langerhans cells, found in the epidermis, primarily function as:

Answer: Antigen-presenting immune cells

Langerhans cells are dendritic immune cells in the epidermis that capture antigens and present them to T lymphocytes.