CMC Cardiac Pharmacology & Medications Flashcards
6 cards from real CMC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 CMC Cardiac Pharmacology & Medications flashcards as text
Loop diuretics like furosemide reduce fluid overload by inhibiting which transporter in the kidney?
Answer: Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the loop of Henle
Furosemide blocks the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, promoting diuresis.
Amiodarone is classified as which type of antiarrhythmic drug based on the Vaughan-Williams classification?
Answer: Class III
Amiodarone is a Class III antiarrhythmic that primarily blocks potassium channels, prolonging the cardiac action potential.
Which antiarrhythmic drug can cause thyroid dysfunction as a significant long-term side effect?
Answer: Amiodarone
Amiodarone contains approximately 37% iodine by weight and can cause both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
Spironolactone, an aldosterone antagonist, is most beneficial in which cardiac condition?
Answer: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Spironolactone reduces mortality in HFrEF by blocking aldosterone-mediated cardiac fibrosis and sodium retention.
Aspirin reduces platelet aggregation and cardiovascular events through which mechanism?
Answer: Irreversible COX-1 inhibition reducing thromboxane A2
Aspirin irreversibly acetylates COX-1, permanently preventing thromboxane A2 synthesis for the platelet's lifetime.
Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are contraindicated in which cardiac condition?
Answer: Decompensated heart failure
Non-dihydropyridine CCBs reduce myocardial contractility and can precipitate cardiogenic shock in decompensated heart failure.