CLT Philosophy and Worldview 5

Question 1

Plato argued that mathematical objects and Forms are more real than physical things because?

Accepted Answer

They are eternal, unchanging, and knowable with certainty

Answer

For Plato, the Forms are the true objects of knowledge (episteme) because they are eternal and unchanging, while physical things are mere shadows subject to change.

Question 2

Aristotle identified four causes to fully explain any natural thing. Which of the following is NOT one of Aristotle's four causes?

Accepted Answer

The mathematical cause (its quantitative properties)

Answer

Aristotle's four causes are material, formal, efficient, and final — there is no 'mathematical cause' in his framework.

Question 3

Stoic philosophers held that human happiness (eudaimonia) depends primarily on?

Accepted Answer

Virtue and right reason alone, regardless of external circumstances

Answer

Stoics distinguished between 'goods' (virtue and reason, entirely in our control) and 'indifferents' (health, wealth, reputation), teaching that only virtue is necessary for happiness.

Question 4

Natural law theory, as developed by thinkers like Cicero and Aquinas, holds that moral norms are?

Accepted Answer

Grounded in human nature and discoverable by reason

Answer

Natural law theory holds that there is a universal moral law written into human nature and the cosmos, accessible to reason and binding on all people regardless of their positive laws.

Question 5

The philosophical problem of universals concerns the question of whether?

Accepted Answer

Abstract concepts like 'redness' or 'humanity' have real existence independent of particular things

Answer

Realists (like Plato) held universals exist independently; nominalists (like Ockham) held only particular things exist and universals are names we apply to groups.

(CLT) Classical Learning Test Practice Test

(CLT) Classical Learning Test Practice Test

CLT Philosophy and Worldview 5