CLT Philosophy and Worldview 4

Question 1

René Descartes' 'cogito ergo sum' ('I think, therefore I am') serves as?

Accepted Answer

An indubitable foundation for all certain knowledge

Answer

After doubting everything he could, Descartes found that the very act of doubting confirmed that he, as a thinking thing, must exist — providing an unshakeable epistemic foundation.

Question 2

A valid syllogism in classical logic requires that?

Accepted Answer

The conclusion follows necessarily from the premises if they are true

Answer

Validity in logic means the conclusion follows necessarily from the premises by form alone, regardless of whether the premises are actually true.

Question 3

John Locke's concept of the mind as a 'tabula rasa' (blank slate) opposes which position?

Accepted Answer

Rationalism's claim that humans possess innate ideas

Answer

Locke argued against Descartes and others who held that certain ideas (like God or mathematical truths) are innate, insisting all knowledge derives from sense experience.

Question 4

Kant's categorical imperative in its first formulation instructs us to?

Accepted Answer

Act only according to maxims you could consistently will to be universal laws

Answer

Kant's universalizability formula asks whether the principle of your action could be made a universal law without contradiction — ruling out lying, for example, because universal lying would undermine the institution of truth-telling.

Question 5

The correspondence theory of truth holds that a statement is true if and only if?

Accepted Answer

It corresponds to an actual state of affairs in reality

Answer

Correspondence theory, associated with Aristotle and common sense, holds that 'to say of what is that it is, and of what is not that it is not, is true.'

(CLT) Classical Learning Test Practice Test

(CLT) Classical Learning Test Practice Test

CLT Philosophy and Worldview 4