CLT Logic and Ethics 2

Question 1

Which fallacy occurs when someone attacks the character of an opponent rather than addressing the argument itself?

Accepted Answer

Ad hominem

Answer

Ad hominem (Latin: 'against the person') redirects criticism from the argument to the person making it.

Question 2

'Either you support this policy completely, or you are against all progress.' This statement commits which fallacy?

Accepted Answer

False dilemma

Answer

A false dilemma (false dichotomy) artificially limits options to two when more alternatives exist.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a valid deductive argument?

Accepted Answer

All mammals are warm-blooded; whales are mammals; therefore whales are warm-blooded

Answer

The whale argument is valid because the conclusion follows necessarily from its universal premises.

Question 4

The slippery slope fallacy wrongly assumes that:

Accepted Answer

One event will inevitably lead to extreme, often unwarranted consequences

Answer

A slippery slope argument leaps from one action to a chain of catastrophic outcomes without sufficient causal justification.

Question 5

Which fallacy dismisses an argument based solely on the origin or source of the claim rather than its content?

Accepted Answer

Genetic fallacy

Answer

The genetic fallacy judges an argument's truth by its origin rather than by its logical merit.

(CLT) Classical Learning Test Practice Test