Historical Knowledge Flashcards
7 cards from real CLT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Historical Knowledge flashcards as text
John Locke's 'Two Treatises of Government' argued that legitimate political authority derives from:
Answer: The consent of the governed and the protection of natural rights
Locke argued that government exists to protect life, liberty, and property, and derives its authority only from the consent of the governed.
Martin Luther sparked the Protestant Reformation in 1517 by publishing a document that primarily challenged:
Answer: The sale of indulgences and abuses in the Catholic Church
Luther's Ninety-Five Theses attacked the sale of indulgences as a fraudulent means of obtaining forgiveness, igniting a theological firestorm.
The English Bill of Rights (1689) was a direct consequence of:
Answer: The Glorious Revolution, which deposed James II
The Glorious Revolution of 1688 replaced James II with William and Mary, who accepted the Bill of Rights limiting royal prerogative.
The Magellan-Elcano expedition (1519–1522) was historically significant because it:
Answer: Completed the first circumnavigation of the globe
Though Magellan died in the Philippines, his expedition's completion by Elcano proved the Earth's spherical shape and vastness by sailing all the way around it.
The Constitutional Convention of 1787 was originally convened to:
Answer: Revise or replace the inadequate Articles of Confederation
Delegates met to address the failures of the Articles of Confederation and ultimately drafted an entirely new Constitution.
The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) began primarily as a conflict over:
Answer: Religious and political tensions within the Holy Roman Empire
The war originated as a religious struggle between Protestant and Catholic states within the Holy Roman Empire before becoming a broader European power conflict.
The Peace of Westphalia (1648) is widely regarded as a landmark in Western history because it:
Answer: Established the modern principle of state sovereignty and the nation-state system
Westphalia codified the concept that each sovereign state has supreme authority within its own territory, foundational to modern international relations.