Science Reasoning Flashcards
6 cards from real CLT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Science Reasoning flashcards as text
What is the scientific method?
Answer: A systematic process of observation, hypothesis, experimentation, and conclusion
The scientific method provides a structured approach: observe a phenomenon, form a hypothesis, design and conduct experiments, analyze data, and draw conclusions.
What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
Answer: A hypothesis is a testable prediction; a theory is a well-supported explanation of natural phenomena
A hypothesis is an initial testable prediction, while a theory is a comprehensive explanation supported by extensive evidence from multiple experiments and observations.
What is a controlled experiment?
Answer: An experiment where one variable is changed while all others are kept constant
Controlled experiments isolate one variable (independent) while keeping all others constant (controlled), allowing researchers to determine cause and effect.
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?
Answer: Qualitative describes qualities; quantitative involves numerical measurements
Qualitative data describes characteristics (color, texture, smell) while quantitative data involves numerical measurements (temperature, mass, length).
What is correlation vs. causation in science?
Answer: Correlation shows a relationship between variables; causation proves one directly causes the other
Correlation indicates variables change together, but causation requires evidence that one variable directly produces a change in the other.
What is peer review in science?
Answer: The process where other scientists evaluate research before publication
Peer review involves experts in the field evaluating research methodology, data, and conclusions to ensure quality and validity before publication.