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Vascular & Pigmented Lesion Treatment Flashcards

7 cards from real CLT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which chromophore is the primary target when treating port wine stains with pulsed dye laser?

    Answer: Oxyhemoglobin

    Oxyhemoglobin in blood vessels absorbs the 585–595 nm wavelength of pulsed dye laser, making it the primary chromophore target for port wine stain treatment.

  2. A patient with Fitzpatrick skin type IV presents for treatment of solar lentigines. Which approach best minimizes dyspigmentation risk?

    Answer: Use a Q-switched Nd:YAG at 1064 nm with conservative settings

    The 1064 nm Nd:YAG has less affinity for epidermal melanin, reducing the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation in darker skin types.

  3. What is the term for the thermal relaxation time of a target chromophore?

    Answer: The time required for the target to cool to half its peak temperature

    Thermal relaxation time (TRT) is defined as the time required for the target tissue to dissipate 50% of its absorbed heat after laser exposure.

  4. During treatment of telangiectasias on the nose, the patient reports immediate darkening of the vessel followed by disappearance. This response indicates:

    Answer: Successful photothermocoagulation of the vessel

    Immediate vessel darkening (hemoglobin denaturation) followed by disappearance is the desired clinical endpoint for successful telangiectasia coagulation.

  5. Which wavelength is most selective for superficial dermal melanin pigmentation in seborrheic keratoses?

    Answer: 532 nm

    The 532 nm wavelength (KTP or frequency-doubled Nd:YAG) is highly absorbed by melanin and targets superficial pigmented lesions effectively.

  6. A purpuric response after pulsed dye laser treatment of a hemangioma is considered:

    Answer: An expected clinical endpoint at appropriate fluences

    Purpura after PDL treatment indicates red blood cell extravasation from coagulated vessels and is an expected clinical endpoint at therapeutic fluences.

  7. When treating café-au-lait macules, which factor most predicts a poor response to laser treatment?

    Answer: Presence of giant melanosomes histologically

    Giant melanosomes in café-au-lait macules are associated with poorer laser treatment response and higher recurrence rates.