Clinical Informatics Data Analytics Flashcards
7 cards from real Clinical Informatics Certification practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Clinical Informatics Data Analytics flashcards as text
A clinical analyst creates a dashboard showing monthly ED visit counts. Which chart type best displays trends over time?
Answer: Line chart
Line charts are ideal for displaying continuous trends over time, making them the standard choice for time-series data.
Which term describes a variable that is correlated with both the exposure and the outcome, potentially distorting study results?
Answer: Confounder
A confounder is independently associated with both the exposure and the outcome, creating a spurious or masked association.
In survival analysis, what does the Kaplan-Meier curve represent?
Answer: The probability of an event occurring over time in a cohort
The Kaplan-Meier curve estimates the survival function, showing the probability that subjects survive (or are event-free) beyond each time point.
Which method allows a data scientist to assess a predictive model's generalizability by repeatedly partitioning data into training and testing sets?
Answer: K-fold cross-validation
K-fold cross-validation splits data into k subsets and iterates so each subset serves as a test set once, reducing overfitting bias.
Which FHIR resource is most appropriate for representing a patient's laboratory test result?
Answer: Observation
The FHIR Observation resource captures individual measurements and lab results such as serum glucose or hemoglobin A1c.
What is 'feature engineering' in the context of clinical predictive modeling?
Answer: Transforming and creating input variables to improve model performance
Feature engineering involves creating, selecting, or transforming predictor variables to help machine learning algorithms learn more effectively.
Which bias occurs when clinicians order additional tests because they know a patient's outcome, influencing how the dataset is structured?
Answer: Surveillance bias
Surveillance bias (or detection bias) occurs when the intensity of monitoring differs between groups, leading to differential ascertainment of outcomes.