Biology Plant Reproduction and Structure Flashcards

Which of the following describes a self-incompatibility mechanism in flowering plants?

Answer: A genetic system that prevents fertilization by pollen from the same plant

Self-incompatibility is a genetically controlled mechanism that prevents self-fertilization, promoting outbreeding and genetic diversity.

The ripened ovary wall in a fruit is called the:

Answer: Pericarp

The pericarp is the entire ripened ovary wall, which may be differentiated into epicarp (skin), mesocarp (flesh), and endocarp (pit).

A tomato is botanically classified as which type of fruit?

Answer: Berry

Botanically, a tomato is a berry because it is a fleshy fruit with a soft pericarp and multiple seeds derived from a single ovary.

Which plant structure is responsible for vegetative reproduction in strawberries?

Answer: Stolons (runners)

Strawberries reproduce vegetatively via stolons (runners), which are horizontal stems that touch the ground and produce new plants at nodes.

Apomixis in plants refers to:

Answer: Seed production without fertilization

Apomixis is the production of seeds without fertilization, resulting in offspring genetically identical to the mother plant.

In a typical angiosperm flower, the receptacle is:

Answer: The enlarged tip of the peduncle that bears the floral parts

The receptacle is the thickened, expanded tip of the flower stalk (peduncle) to which sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels are attached.

What is the primary role of ethylene gas in fruit development?

Answer: Stimulates fruit ripening and softening

Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that promotes fruit ripening by stimulating the breakdown of cell walls, conversion of starches to sugars, and color changes.