CKAD CKAD 2

Question 1

Which command creates a ConfigMap named 'app-config' from a literal key-value pair KEY=value?

Accepted Answer

kubectl create configmap app-config --from-literal=KEY=value

Answer

The --from-literal flag is used with kubectl create configmap to define key-value pairs inline.

Question 2

A Pod is in 'CrashLoopBackOff' state. Which command is most useful for diagnosing the root cause?

Accepted Answer

kubectl logs <pod-name> --previous

Answer

kubectl logs --previous retrieves logs from the last terminated container instance, which reveals why it crashed.

Question 3

Which Kubernetes object should you use to expose a set of Pods internally within the cluster on a stable DNS name and IP?

Accepted Answer

ClusterIP Service

Answer

A ClusterIP Service provides a stable internal IP and DNS name for accessing Pods within the cluster.

Question 4

What is the effect of setting 'imagePullPolicy: Never' on a container spec?

Accepted Answer

Kubernetes uses only a locally present image and fails if it is absent

Answer

imagePullPolicy: Never instructs the kubelet to use only a pre-existing local image, returning an error if it is not found.

Question 5

A Deployment must ensure at least 3 Pods are available during a rolling update. Which field controls this?

Accepted Answer

strategy.rollingUpdate.maxUnavailable

Answer

maxUnavailable defines how many Pods can be down simultaneously during a rolling update, ensuring availability minimums are maintained.

CKAD - Certified Kubernetes Application Developer Practice Test