General Practice Flashcards

The depudy discussed the possibility of returning to school to get a bachelor's degree with the sheriff. The previous statement contains a misspelled word. It is

Answer: depudy

The misspelled word in the sentence is 'depudy.' The correct spelling for an assistant to a sheriff is 'deputy.' The other options, 'sheriff,' 'bachelor's,' and 'possibility,' are all spelled correctly.

The suspect was ________ by the witness as a man in his late 20s. Which of these terms should be used to complete the sentence?

Answer: described

The sentence requires a word that means to give an account or representation of someone's characteristics. 'Described' accurately fits this context, as the witness is providing details about the suspect's appearance. 'Prescribed,' 'ascribed,' and 'subscribed' have different meanings that do not fit the sentence's intent.

The cops had to complete documents authorizing overtime when the prison transport vehicle arived more than two hours late. The previous statement contains a misspelled word. It is

Answer: arive

The misspelled word in the sentence is 'arived.' The correct past tense spelling of the verb is 'arrived.' The other words, 'requiring,' 'authorization,' and 'transport,' are all spelled correctly.

In the front row, how many people are wearing dresses?

Answer: one

This question requires visual analysis of an accompanying image that is not provided here. Assuming the image was present during the assessment, one would need to carefully count the individuals wearing dresses specifically within the front row of that image. The correct answer 'one' indicates that only a single person in the front row was depicted wearing a dress.

How many of the three people in the front wearing glasses?

Answer: one

This question requires visual analysis of an accompanying image, which is not provided. To answer, one would need to identify the three people in the front row of the image and then visually count how many of them are wearing glasses. The correct answer 'one' implies that only one person among those three was depicted wearing glasses.

Here is a graph showing the number of serious crimes in one American city in 2001, 2005, 2009, and 2013. Which year saw a decrease in auto thefts compared to robberies?

Answer: 2013

This question requires interpreting data from a graph that is not provided. To determine the correct answer, one would need to compare the number of auto thefts and robberies for each specified year on the graph. The year 2013 would show a lower value for auto thefts compared to robberies, indicating a decrease in auto thefts relative to robberies for that year.

A punishment based on the ______ principle, would be an eye for an eye.

Answer: Retribution

The principle of 'an eye for an eye' is the classic embodiment of retribution. Retribution is a theory of punishment that focuses on ensuring the offender receives a punishment proportionate to the harm caused, aiming to make them 'pay back' for their crime. It is about deserved punishment for past wrongs.

Which of the following meets the definition of incapacitation most accurately?

Answer: Life in prison and the death penalty

Incapacitation is a theory of punishment focused on preventing future crimes by physically removing or restraining offenders from society. Life in prison and the death penalty are the most accurate examples of incapacitation, as they permanently or for a very long duration remove an individual's ability to commit crimes in the community. Other options involve rehabilitation or community supervision, not physical removal.

This is the older theory of punishment.

Answer: Retribution

Retribution is widely considered the oldest theory of punishment, with roots in ancient legal codes like Hammurabi's Code. It emphasizes the idea of 'just deserts' and proportionate punishment for an offense. Theories like deterrence, rehabilitation, and incapacitation are more modern developments in criminal justice philosophy.

It is referred as ______ incapacitation that concentrates on criminals with a high probability of serious recidivism.

Answer: Selective

Selective incapacitation is a criminal justice strategy that focuses on identifying and incarcerating offenders who are deemed to have a high probability of committing serious crimes repeatedly (high recidivism risk). The goal is to maximize crime reduction by targeting resources on this specific, high-risk group of offenders.

For the majority of the 20th century, the concept of __________ dominated much thinking regarding punishment.

Answer: Rehabilitation

For much of the 20th century, particularly from the 1930s to the 1970s, rehabilitation was the dominant philosophy in criminal justice. This approach emphasized treating and reforming offenders through various programs to address the root causes of their criminal behavior and facilitate their successful reintegration into society.

What has been the trend in sentencing since the mid-1970s?

Answer: Decrease judicial and parole board discretion

Since the mid-1970s, there has been a significant shift in sentencing trends, moving away from indeterminate sentencing and rehabilitation towards more determinate sentencing and 'tough on crime' policies. This resulted in a decrease in the discretion exercised by judges and parole boards, with more emphasis on mandatory minimums and sentencing guidelines.

One to five years in prison constitutes a/an __________ sentence.

Answer: Indeterminate

An indeterminate sentence is characterized by a range of time, such as 'one to five years,' rather than a fixed period. The exact release date within this range is typically determined by a parole board based on the offender's behavior, progress, and readiness for reintegration. This contrasts with determinate sentences, which specify a fixed term.

A criminal justice approach assumes that the system's elements cooperate to provide the societal good that we refer to as justice.

Answer: Consensus Model

The Consensus Model of criminal justice assumes that all components of the system—police, courts, and corrections—work together harmoniously towards a common goal of achieving justice and maintaining social order. It posits a shared understanding of what constitutes crime and justice within society, leading to cooperative efforts.

A perspective of criminal justice that assumes that each component of the system primarily functions to further its own interests.

Answer: Conflict Model

The Conflict Model of criminal justice posits that the various agencies within the system, such as the police, courts, and corrections, often operate with their own distinct goals and interests. This can lead to competition, friction, and a lack of seamless cooperation, suggesting that justice is often a product of power dynamics rather than shared objectives.

A perspective of criminal justice that assumes that each component of the system primarily functions to further its own interests.

Answer: Conflict Model

The Conflict Model of criminal justice assumes that different components of the system, like law enforcement and the courts, primarily function to further their own interests and agendas. This perspective suggests that these agencies may compete for resources or influence, leading to potential disagreements rather than unified action towards a common good.