CIR Contrast Media Administration & Adverse Reaction Management

Question 1

Which type of contrast media is preferred for cardiac catheterization due to its lower risk of adverse hemodynamic effects?

Accepted Answer

Low-osmolar non-ionic contrast media

Answer

Low-osmolar non-ionic contrast media is preferred because it produces fewer hemodynamic disturbances and cardiac side effects compared to high-osmolar ionic agents.

Question 2

Which iodinated contrast agent is classified as iso-osmolar, with osmolality approximating that of blood?

Accepted Answer

Iodixanol (Visipaque)

Answer

Iodixanol (Visipaque) is the primary iso-osmolar contrast agent (~290 mOsm/kg), matching blood osmolality and reducing osmotic stress on vessels and kidneys.

Question 3

What iodine concentration range is typically used in contrast agents for coronary angiography?

Accepted Answer

300–370 mg I/mL

Answer

Coronary angiography requires contrast media with iodine concentrations of 300–370 mg I/mL to achieve adequate vessel opacification at the flow rates used.

Question 4

What is the primary mechanism by which contrast media causes contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)?

Accepted Answer

Direct tubular toxicity combined with renal medullary vasoconstriction

Answer

CIN results from direct cytotoxic effects on renal tubular epithelial cells combined with vasoconstriction of the renal medullary vessels, causing ischemia.

Question 5

Which pre-procedure intervention has the MOST consistent evidence for reducing contrast-induced nephropathy risk?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous normal saline hydration

Answer

IV hydration with isotonic normal saline before and after contrast administration is the most consistently evidence-supported strategy for preventing CIN by maintaining renal perfusion.

CIR - Cardiac Interventional Radiology Practice Test

CIR - Cardiac Interventional Radiology Practice Test

CIR Contrast Media Administration & Adverse Reaction Management