Blood Pressure Measurement Techniques & Monitoring Flashcards
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Read the first 7 Blood Pressure Measurement Techniques & Monitoring flashcards as text
What is the standard duration for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM)?
Answer: 24 hours
Standard ABPM is performed over 24 hours to capture blood pressure variations across both daytime activity and nighttime sleep.
What is the normal 'dipping' pattern identified on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring?
Answer: 10–20% reduction in nighttime BP compared to daytime
Normal dippers show a 10–20% reduction in nighttime blood pressure; non-dipping is associated with increased cardiovascular and renal risk.
According to ABPM criteria, what 24-hour average blood pressure threshold defines hypertension?
Answer: ≥135/85 mmHg
The 24-hour ABPM hypertension threshold is ≥135/85 mmHg, which is lower than the office measurement threshold of 140/90 mmHg.
Which condition is defined as consistently elevated office blood pressure with normal readings confirmed by ABPM or home monitoring?
Answer: White coat hypertension
White coat hypertension is characterized by office BP ≥140/90 mmHg with normal out-of-office BP (<130/80 mmHg on ABPM), likely due to an alerting response in the clinical setting.
What is 'masked hypertension'?
Answer: Normal office BP with elevated readings on ABPM or home monitoring
Masked hypertension is characterized by normal office BP with elevated out-of-office measurements and carries similar cardiovascular risk to sustained hypertension.
How frequently should patients measure blood pressure when performing home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) according to current guidelines?
Answer: Twice daily (morning and evening) for at least 7 days
Guidelines recommend twice-daily readings for ≥7 days (with the first day often discarded) to obtain a reliable home BP average that reflects true out-of-office pressure.
Which is a unique clinical advantage of ABPM over standard office blood pressure measurement?
Answer: Ability to detect nocturnal hypertension and non-dipping patterns
ABPM is the only method that captures nighttime blood pressure, enabling identification of nocturnal hypertension and non-dipping, both of which increase cardiovascular risk independently.