Diagnosis and Evaluation Flashcards
7 cards from real CHS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Diagnosis and Evaluation flashcards as text
A patient has BP readings of 148/92 mmHg on three separate clinic visits over 4 weeks. According to ACC/AHA 2017 guidelines, how is this classified?
Answer: Stage 2 hypertension
Stage 2 hypertension is defined as systolic ≥140 mmHg or diastolic ≥90 mmHg on confirmed readings.
Which ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) threshold best defines daytime hypertension?
Answer: ≥135/85 mmHg
Daytime (awake) ABPM hypertension threshold is ≥135/85 mmHg, which is lower than office BP thresholds.
A 45-year-old presents with episodic headaches, diaphoresis, and palpitations. BP is 182/104 mmHg during symptoms. Which secondary cause should be ruled out first?
Answer: Pheochromocytoma
The triad of episodic headache, diaphoresis, and palpitations is classic for pheochromocytoma, a catecholamine-secreting tumor.
When measuring clinic blood pressure, how long should the patient rest in a seated position before the first measurement?
Answer: 5 minutes
Guidelines recommend at least 5 minutes of quiet rest before BP measurement to minimize physiological reactivity.
Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) average consistent with hypertension is:
Answer: ≥135/85 mmHg
A home BP average ≥135/85 mmHg corresponds to hypertension, analogous to the ABPM daytime threshold.
A 58-year-old woman has office BP of 158/96 mmHg but normal ABPM (average 122/78 mmHg). This pattern is best described as:
Answer: White-coat hypertension
White-coat hypertension is characterized by elevated office BP with normal out-of-office (ABPM or home) readings.
Which finding on fundoscopic examination indicates hypertensive urgency or emergency?
Answer: Flame-shaped hemorrhages and papilledema
Flame-shaped hemorrhages and papilledema represent grade III–IV hypertensive retinopathy and indicate severe end-organ damage.