CHS Research & Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards
6 cards from real CHS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 CHS Research & Evidence-Based Practice flashcards as text
Which landmark clinical trial demonstrated that intensive systolic blood pressure treatment to a target below 120 mmHg reduced cardiovascular events compared to a target of 140 mmHg?
Answer: SPRINT trial
The SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) trial showed that targeting systolic BP below 120 mmHg significantly reduced cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.
In evidence-based practice, what does the term 'NNT' (Number Needed to Treat) represent?
Answer: The number of patients who must be treated to prevent one adverse event
NNT is the number of patients who need to receive a treatment for a given duration to prevent one additional adverse outcome compared to control.
The ALLHAT trial, the largest hypertension outcomes trial in US history, demonstrated that which antihypertensive class was equally or more effective than newer agents for preventing major CV outcomes?
Answer: Thiazide diuretics
ALLHAT showed that chlorthalidone (a thiazide-type diuretic) was equivalent or superior to newer agents for preventing major cardiovascular outcomes, cementing its first-line status.
Which study design provides the highest level of evidence for evaluating the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatments?
Answer: Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
Randomized controlled trials provide the highest level of evidence for causality and treatment effectiveness because randomization minimizes confounding bias.
What is the primary purpose of a meta-analysis in hypertension research?
Answer: To pool results from multiple studies to increase statistical power and precision
A meta-analysis statistically combines data from multiple independent studies to generate more precise estimates of treatment effects than any individual study can provide.
The HOT (Hypertension Optimal Treatment) trial investigated optimal diastolic blood pressure targets. What was its primary finding?
Answer: Achieving a diastolic BP of ≤80 mmHg was associated with the lowest cardiovascular event rate in high-risk patients
The HOT trial found that targeting diastolic BP ≤80 mmHg produced the fewest cardiovascular events, particularly in diabetic patients, supporting tighter diastolic targets.