CHMM CHMM Risk Assessment and Hazard Analysis 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: In quantitative risk assessment, risk is defined as the combination of which two factors?
- Probability and consequence (severity) (Correct answer)
- Hazard and exposure pathway
- Toxicity and concentration
- Frequency and detectability
Correct answer: Probability and consequence (severity)
Risk is calculated as the product of the probability (likelihood) of an adverse event and the consequence (severity) of that event.
Question 2: Which hazard analysis technique uses a systematic, inductive approach with a structured worksheet to identify deviations from design intent using guide words like 'more,' 'less,' and 'no'?
- Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)
- HAZOP Study (Correct answer)
- Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)
- What-If Analysis
Correct answer: HAZOP Study
HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study) uses guide words applied to process parameters to systematically identify potential deviations and their consequences.
Question 3: A Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) is typically conducted at which stage of a project?
- During decommissioning of a facility
- Early in the conceptual or design phase (Correct answer)
- After a major incident has occurred
- During the operational permit renewal
Correct answer: Early in the conceptual or design phase
PHA is an early-stage analysis performed during conceptual design to identify hazards before detailed design decisions are locked in.
Question 4: In an environmental health risk assessment, what is the step that determines how much of a chemical people are actually exposed to?
- Hazard identification
- Dose-response assessment
- Exposure assessment (Correct answer)
- Risk characterization
Correct answer: Exposure assessment
Exposure assessment quantifies the magnitude, frequency, and duration of human contact with a hazardous substance through all relevant pathways.
Question 5: Which term describes the concentration of a chemical in air at which 50% of a test animal population dies within a specified time period?
- LC50 (Correct answer)
- LD50
- TLV-TWA
- IDLH
Correct answer: LC50
LC50 (Lethal Concentration 50) is the airborne concentration of a substance lethal to 50% of a test population, used to compare acute inhalation toxicity.
Question 6: The process of identifying what can go wrong, how likely it is, and what the consequences are is the definition of which activity?
- Process safety management
- Risk assessment (Correct answer)
- Consequence analysis
- Safety audit
Correct answer: Risk assessment
Risk assessment is the structured process of identifying hazards, estimating likelihood and consequences, and characterizing overall risk.
CHMM CHMM Risk Assessment and Hazard Analysis 1
In quantitative risk assessment, risk is defined as the combination of which two factors?