Chemistry Test Solutions 3

Question 1

Osmosis is best defined as the movement of:

Accepted Answer

Solvent from low to high solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane

Answer

Osmosis is the net movement of solvent (typically water) from a region of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

Question 2

If the osmotic pressure of a solution at 25°C is 2.46 atm, and R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K, what is the molar concentration of the solute?

Accepted Answer

0.10 M

Answer

Using π = MRT: M = π/(RT) = 2.46 / (0.0821 × 298) = 0.10 M.

Question 3

Which solution has the highest osmotic pressure at the same temperature?

Accepted Answer

0.1 M CaCl₂

Answer

CaCl₂ dissociates into 3 ions (i=3), giving the highest effective particle concentration and thus the highest osmotic pressure.

Question 4

A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Shrink (crenate)

Answer

In a hypertonic solution, water leaves the cell by osmosis toward the higher external solute concentration, causing the cell to shrink (crenation).

Question 5

Reverse osmosis requires:

Accepted Answer

A pressure greater than osmotic pressure applied to the concentrated solution

Answer

Reverse osmosis forces solvent from the concentrated side to the dilute side by applying external pressure exceeding the osmotic pressure.

Chemistry Practice Test

Chemistry Practice Test

Chemistry Test Solutions 3