Chemistry Test Chemical Bonding 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of bond forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
- Covalent bond
- Ionic bond (Correct answer)
- Metallic bond
- Hydrogen bond
Correct answer: Ionic bond
Ionic bonds form through the transfer of electrons, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other.
Question 2: What is the bond angle in a water molecule (H₂O)?
- 180°
- 120°
- 109.5°
- 104.5° (Correct answer)
Correct answer: 104.5°
Water's bond angle is 104.5° because two lone pairs on oxygen repel the bonding pairs, compressing the angle below tetrahedral.
Question 3: In a Lewis structure, a double bond consists of how many shared electron pairs?
- 1
- 2 (Correct answer)
- 3
- 4
Correct answer: 2
A double bond contains two shared electron pairs (4 electrons total) between the bonded atoms.
Question 4: Which molecule has a linear geometry due to its bonding?
- H₂O
- NH₃
- CO₂ (Correct answer)
- CH₄
Correct answer: CO₂
CO₂ is linear because carbon forms two double bonds with oxygen and has no lone pairs, giving 180° bond angles.
Question 5: What property of an atom determines its ability to attract electrons in a bond?
- Atomic radius
- Electronegativity (Correct answer)
- Ionization energy
- Electron affinity
Correct answer: Electronegativity
Electronegativity measures an atom's tendency to attract shared electrons toward itself in a chemical bond.
Question 6: A sigma (σ) bond is formed by which type of orbital overlap?
- Lateral (side-by-side) overlap
- End-to-end (head-on) overlap (Correct answer)
- Overlap at a 90° angle
- No orbital overlap is required
Correct answer: End-to-end (head-on) overlap
Sigma bonds result from direct end-to-end orbital overlap along the internuclear axis, allowing free rotation.
Question 7: Which of the following compounds has the highest melting point due to its bonding type?
- CH₄
- NaCl (Correct answer)
- H₂O
- I₂
Correct answer: NaCl
NaCl has the highest melting point because strong electrostatic forces between Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions require significant energy to overcome.
Chemistry Test Chemical Bonding 2
Which type of bond forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another?