CGMP Ethical Practices & Human Rights in Migration 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) specifically calls for safe, orderly, and regular migration?
- SDG 10 — Reduced Inequalities (Correct answer)
- SDG 8 — Decent Work and Economic Growth
- SDG 16 — Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions
- SDG 17 — Partnerships for the Goals
Correct answer: SDG 10 — Reduced Inequalities
SDG 10, Target 10.7 explicitly calls on countries to facilitate orderly, safe, regular, and responsible migration and mobility of people.
Question 2: A migration consultant learns a client is being exploited by their employer. Under ethical obligations, the consultant should FIRST:
- Advise the client of their rights and available legal protections (Correct answer)
- Report the employer to authorities without the client's knowledge
- Advise the client to resign immediately to avoid continued exploitation
- Refer the client to a labor attorney and close the immigration file
Correct answer: Advise the client of their rights and available legal protections
Client autonomy requires that the professional first inform and advise the client so they can make an informed decision about next steps.
Question 3: The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) adopted in 2018 is legally:
- Non-binding but politically significant as an intergovernmental agreement (Correct answer)
- A binding treaty ratified by 152 UN member states
- An executive order of the UN Secretary-General
- A regional framework applicable only to signatory regions
Correct answer: Non-binding but politically significant as an intergovernmental agreement
The GCM is a non-binding intergovernmental agreement representing the first comprehensive framework for international migration governance.
Question 4: Which right is specifically protected for undocumented migrants under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)?
- Right to the highest attainable standard of health (Correct answer)
- Right to vote in national elections
- Right to permanent residency
- Right to work in any sector without restriction
Correct answer: Right to the highest attainable standard of health
The ICESCR protects the right to health for all persons regardless of migration status, as it applies to everyone within a state's jurisdiction.
Question 5: When a migration professional in the US represents a client before USCIS, which regulatory body governs their professional conduct?
- The state bar or accrediting body (e.g., BIA) that authorized their practice (Correct answer)
- The Department of Homeland Security Office of Inspector General
- The American Immigration Lawyers Association ethics board exclusively
- The Federal Trade Commission for consumer protection compliance
Correct answer: The state bar or accrediting body (e.g., BIA) that authorized their practice
Attorneys are governed by their state bar, while non-attorney representatives before USCIS must be accredited by the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA).
Question 6: The term 'statelessness' under international law refers to a person who:
- Is not considered a national by any state under the operation of its law (Correct answer)
- Has voluntarily renounced citizenship in their country of birth
- Holds a passport but is denied re-entry to their home country
- Is living outside their country of nationality without a valid visa
Correct answer: Is not considered a national by any state under the operation of its law
The 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons defines a stateless person as someone not considered a national by any state.
Question 7: Which ethical principle is violated when a migration professional guarantees a specific visa outcome to a client?
- Duty to avoid misrepresentation (Correct answer)
- Duty of confidentiality
- Duty of loyalty
- Duty of diligence
Correct answer: Duty to avoid misrepresentation
Guaranteeing outcomes in matters decided by government authorities constitutes a false or misleading representation about professional services.
CGMP Ethical Practices & Human Rights in Migration 4
Which UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) specifically calls for safe, orderly, and regular migration?