CFSP Nutrition Fundamentals 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of dietary fat is most strongly associated with raising LDL cholesterol and increasing cardiovascular disease risk?
- Monounsaturated fat
- Polyunsaturated fat
- Trans fat (Correct answer)
- Omega-3 fat
Correct answer: Trans fat
Trans fats (partially hydrogenated oils) raise LDL cholesterol and lower HDL cholesterol, significantly increasing cardiovascular disease risk.
Question 2: A foodservice operator is creating a menu for guests with celiac disease. Which grain MUST be eliminated from all dishes?
- Corn
- Rice
- Wheat (Correct answer)
- Millet
Correct answer: Wheat
Wheat contains gluten, which triggers an autoimmune response in individuals with celiac disease; corn, rice, and millet are naturally gluten-free.
Question 3: The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting added sugars to no more than what percentage of total daily calories?
- 5%
- 10% (Correct answer)
- 15%
- 20%
Correct answer: 10%
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that added sugars comprise no more than 10% of total daily caloric intake.
Question 4: Which mineral is critical for oxygen transport in red blood cells and is commonly deficient in individuals following a vegan diet?
- Calcium
- Zinc
- Iron (Correct answer)
- Magnesium
Correct answer: Iron
Iron is a key component of hemoglobin in red blood cells; heme iron from animal sources is more bioavailable than non-heme iron from plants.
Question 5: In food labeling, 'percent Daily Value' (%DV) on a Nutrition Facts panel is based on a reference diet of how many calories?
- 1,500 calories
- 2,000 calories (Correct answer)
- 2,500 calories
- 3,000 calories
Correct answer: 2,000 calories
The FDA bases %DV on a 2,000-calorie reference diet, though individual calorie needs vary by age, sex, and activity level.
Question 6: Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight and plays a key role in calcium absorption?
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin D (Correct answer)
- Vitamin K
Correct answer: Vitamin D
Vitamin D is produced in the skin through UV light exposure and is essential for enhancing calcium absorption in the intestines.
Question 7: A foodservice manager is asked to reduce the glycemic index of a meal. Which substitution would BEST achieve this goal?
- Replace whole-grain bread with white bread
- Replace white rice with lentils (Correct answer)
- Replace fresh fruit with fruit juice
- Replace baked potato with mashed potato
Correct answer: Replace white rice with lentils
Lentils have a much lower glycemic index than white rice because their fiber and protein slow glucose absorption into the bloodstream.
CFSP Nutrition Fundamentals 2
Which type of dietary fat is most strongly associated with raising LDL cholesterol and increasing cardiovascular disease risk?