CFS Cognitive and Neurological Aspects of CFS 2

Question 1

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in CFS most commonly presents as:

Accepted Answer

Orthostatic intolerance with symptoms worsening upon standing

Answer

Increased parasympathetic tone causing bradycardia

Answer

Hypertension and hyperventilation at rest

Answer

Hypothermia and reduced sweating

Question 2

Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), which frequently co-occurs with CFS, is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A heart rate increase of ≥30 bpm within 10 minutes of standing

Answer

A significant decrease in heart rate when moving from lying to standing

Answer

Blood pressure dropping more than 20 mmHg within 3 minutes of standing

Answer

Irregular heartbeat rhythm triggered by orthostatic stress

Question 3

Central sensitization, observed in many CFS patients, primarily affects:

Accepted Answer

Pain processing pathways in the central nervous system

Answer

Peripheral pain receptors in skin and muscles

Answer

Immune system response to pathogens

Answer

Hormonal regulation of pain perception

Question 4

Neuroinflammation research in CFS has primarily implicated which type of brain cells in the inflammatory process?

Accepted Answer

Microglia

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Neurons

Question 5

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis abnormality most commonly found in CFS is:

Accepted Answer

Blunted or reduced cortisol response to stress

Answer

Elevated basal cortisol levels

Answer

Complete cortisol deficiency

Answer

Excessive cortisol response to minor stressors

Question 6

Sensory hypersensitivity in CFS most commonly includes sensitivity to:

Accepted Answer

Light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia)

Answer

Taste and proprioception only

Answer

Temperature changes only

Answer

Vestibular stimulation only

Question 7

Small fiber neuropathy (SFN), found in a subset of CFS patients, affects which type of nerve fibers?

Accepted Answer

Small unmyelinated or thinly myelinated nerve fibers

Answer

Large myelinated motor nerve fibers

Answer

Large myelinated sensory nerve fibers

Answer

Autonomic nerve fibers exclusively