CFP Nutrition & Health 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight and plays a critical role in calcium absorption?
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin D (Correct answer)
- Vitamin K
Correct answer: Vitamin D
Vitamin D is produced in the skin through UV-B radiation and is essential for intestinal calcium absorption and bone health.
Question 2: A client engaged in heavy resistance training consumes 3,000 kcal/day. Approximately how many grams of protein per day would meet the upper end of the recommended range for strength athletes?
- 90 g
- 135 g
- 210 g (Correct answer)
- 300 g
Correct answer: 210 g
Strength athletes are generally advised to consume 1.6–2.2 g of protein per kg body weight; for a 95 kg athlete 2.2 g/kg equals roughly 209 g.
Question 3: What is the primary role of dietary fiber in the gastrointestinal tract?
- Stimulating gastric acid secretion
- Promoting gut motility and feeding beneficial bacteria (Correct answer)
- Increasing bile acid reabsorption
- Blocking fat absorption in the small intestine
Correct answer: Promoting gut motility and feeding beneficial bacteria
Dietary fiber adds bulk to stool to speed transit, and soluble fiber acts as a prebiotic substrate for colonic microbiota.
Question 4: Which monosaccharide is the primary fuel source for the brain under normal dietary conditions?
- Fructose
- Galactose
- Glucose (Correct answer)
- Ribose
Correct answer: Glucose
The brain preferentially oxidizes glucose and accounts for approximately 20% of the body's resting glucose consumption.
Question 5: An athlete notices dark yellow urine after a long training session. This most likely indicates:
- Protein excess
- Hyponatremia
- Dehydration (Correct answer)
- Iron deficiency
Correct answer: Dehydration
Dark yellow urine signals concentrated urine due to inadequate fluid intake relative to sweat losses.
Question 6: Which fatty acid classification is associated with increasing LDL cholesterol when consumed in excess?
- Monounsaturated fats
- Omega-3 polyunsaturated fats
- Saturated fats (Correct answer)
- Conjugated linoleic acid
Correct answer: Saturated fats
Saturated fats primarily raise LDL cholesterol by downregulating hepatic LDL receptor activity.
Question 7: The thermic effect of food (TEF) accounts for approximately what percentage of total daily energy expenditure in most individuals?
- 2–4%
- 5–10% (Correct answer)
- 15–20%
- 25–30%
Correct answer: 5–10%
TEF, the energy cost of digesting, absorbing, and metabolizing nutrients, typically represents 5–10% of total daily energy expenditure.
CFP Nutrition & Health 2
Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight and plays a critical role in calcium absorption?