CFAT Problem Solving: Logical Reasoning 2

Question 1

If all soldiers are trained and Private Chen is a soldier, what must be true?

Accepted Answer

Private Chen is trained

Answer

This is a valid deductive syllogism: all soldiers are trained, Private Chen is a soldier, therefore Private Chen is trained.

Question 2

If it rains, the field exercise is cancelled. The exercise was NOT cancelled. What can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

It did not rain

Answer

This is the contrapositive: if exercise cancelled → rain, so if no cancellation → no rain.

Question 3

Every officer has completed basic training. Captain Miller has completed basic training. What can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

Captain Miller may or may not be an officer

Answer

Completing basic training is a necessary condition for being an officer, not a sufficient one — non-officers can also complete it.

Question 4

Some medics are also pilots. All pilots have completed flight training. What must be true?

Accepted Answer

Some medics have completed flight training

Answer

The medics who are also pilots must have flight training, so at least some medics have it.

Question 5

No vehicles in the convoy are older than 5 years. The LAV in the convoy is 3 years old. What can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

The LAV satisfies the convoy's age requirement

Answer

A 3-year-old LAV is within the convoy's maximum age of 5 years, so it meets the rule.

(CFAT) Canadian Forces Aptitude Test Practice Test