Problem Solving: Word Problems Flashcards

A store reduces a $120 item by 15%. What is the sale price?

Answer: $102

Discount = 0.15 × $120 = $18; sale price = $120 − $18 = $102.

In a unit of 80 soldiers, 35 are officers. What percentage are officers?

Answer: 43.75%

35 ÷ 80 × 100 = 43.75%.

A map uses a scale of 1:50,000. Two towns are 8 cm apart on the map. What is the actual distance in km?

Answer: 4 km

8 × 50,000 = 400,000 cm = 4,000 m = 4 km.

The ratio of fuel in two tanks is 3:5. If the smaller tank holds 45 liters, how much fuel is in the larger tank?

Answer: 75 liters

3 parts = 45 L, so 1 part = 15 L; larger tank = 5 × 15 = 75 L.

After a 20% pay increase, a salary becomes $3,600. What was the original salary?

Answer: $3,000

Original = $3,600 ÷ 1.20 = $3,000.

Three recruits share a prize in the ratio 2:3:5. If the total prize is $4,000, how much does the recruit with the largest share receive?

Answer: $2,000

Total parts = 10; largest share = 5/10 × $4,000 = $2,000.

A vehicle uses 8 liters of fuel per 100 km. How many liters are needed for a 350 km trip?

Answer: 28 liters

350 × (8 ÷ 100) = 28 liters.