CFA Anatomy, Physiology & Surgical Pathology 3

Question 1

Which type of surgical wound classification carries the highest risk of postoperative infection?

Accepted Answer

Class IV (Dirty-infected)

Answer

Class IV dirty-infected wounds involve existing infection or perforated viscera and carry infection rates exceeding 40%.

Question 2

The blood supply to the femoral head is primarily provided by branches of the:

Accepted Answer

Medial femoral circumflex artery

Answer

The medial femoral circumflex artery supplies the majority of blood to the femoral head; its disruption in femoral neck fractures causes avascular necrosis.

Question 3

Surgical emphysema (subcutaneous emphysema) is air trapped in which tissue layer?

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous tissue

Answer

Surgical emphysema refers specifically to air dissecting into the subcutaneous tissue, producing a characteristic crackling sensation on palpation.

Question 4

A patient undergoing thyroidectomy is at risk for hypocalcemia because of inadvertent removal of the:

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid glands

Answer

The four parathyroid glands regulate calcium homeostasis, and their accidental excision or devascularization during thyroidectomy causes postoperative hypocalcemia.

Question 5

In the context of surgical pathology, 'dysplasia' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Abnormal cellular growth with loss of normal differentiation

Answer

Dysplasia describes disordered, abnormal cellular proliferation that may be a precursor to malignancy but is not yet invasive.

CFA Practice Test

CFA Practice Test

CFA Anatomy, Physiology & Surgical Pathology 3