Hemorrhage & Emergency Response Flashcards
7 cards from real CFA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Hemorrhage & Emergency Response flashcards as text
A patient's oxygen saturation drops to 88% during a hemorrhage response. The FIRST assistant should anticipate the need for:
Answer: Supplemental oxygen and airway support
Supplemental oxygen is the immediate priority when SpO2 drops, as hemorrhagic shock reduces oxygen-carrying capacity and tissue oxygenation.
Balloon tamponade using a Foley catheter is a temporizing measure for hemorrhage control in which scenario?
Answer: Penetrating injury to a body cavity with ongoing vascular bleeding
Inflating a Foley balloon within a penetrating wound tract can tamponade hemorrhage from vascular structures until definitive surgical control is achieved.
During massive hemorrhage, the preferred resuscitation ratio for packed red blood cells (PRBCs), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and platelets follows which approximate ratio?
Answer: 1:1:1
The 1:1:1 ratio of PRBCs:FFP:platelets mimics whole blood and has been shown to reduce mortality in massive hemorrhage by correcting all components of coagulopathy.
Which maneuver involves manual compression of the aorta at the diaphragm to temporarily control hemorrhage from abdominal vascular injuries?
Answer: Aortic cross-clamping at the hiatus
Aortic cross-clamping at the diaphragmatic hiatus reduces distal hemorrhage and helps maintain coronary and cerebral perfusion during abdominal vascular crises.
A surgical patient develops acute coagulopathy despite transfusion. The anesthesiologist suggests giving tranexamic acid. Its mechanism of action is:
Answer: Inhibiting fibrinolysis by blocking plasminogen activation
Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic that competitively inhibits plasminogen binding to fibrin, preventing clot breakdown and reducing blood loss.
Which finding on a FAST (Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma) exam indicates hemoperitoneum requiring emergent surgical intervention?
Answer: Free fluid in Morison's pouch
Free fluid in Morison's pouch (hepatorenal recess) on FAST exam is the most sensitive finding for hemoperitoneum and indicates need for urgent operative intervention.
When a pneumatic tourniquet is deflated after prolonged use, the first assistant should be prepared for which systemic effect?
Answer: Transient drop in blood pressure due to reperfusion vasodilation
Tourniquet release causes reperfusion of the ischemic limb, releasing vasodilatory metabolites that can transiently drop systemic blood pressure.