Certified Elevator Technician (CET) — Questions and Answers

Question 1: Per NEC 620.24, the elevator pit lighting circuit must be:

Supplied from the same branch circuit as the car lighting
A battery-backed emergency circuit providing only 90 minutes of illumination
A 277V circuit shared with the machine room lighting to reduce wiring costs
A separate lighting circuit with a disconnect means accessible at the pit entrance (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A separate lighting circuit with a disconnect means accessible at the pit entrance

The pit must have a dedicated lighting circuit with a disconnect accessible at the pit entrance so technicians can control pit lighting before entry, ensuring they can see safely without depending on others.

Question 2: What is the minimum factor of safety required for a governor rope under ASME A17.1?

5
8
10 (Correct answer)
12

Correct answer: 10

ASME A17.1 requires a minimum factor of safety of 10 for governor ropes based on breaking strength versus maximum rope load.

Question 3: Which type of relay is commonly used in elevator circuits to provide a time delay before re-acceleration after a brief power interruption?

Solid-state relay (SSR)
Differential relay
Time-delay relay (TDR) (Correct answer)
Latching relay

Correct answer: Time-delay relay (TDR)

A time-delay relay (TDR) holds the circuit open for a preset period, preventing immediate re-acceleration that could cause passenger discomfort or mechanical stress.

Question 4: In a solid-state relay (SSR) used in an elevator controller, what triggers the output switching?

A low-power control signal that activates the internal semiconductor switch (Correct answer)
Thermal expansion of the bimetallic strip
Magnetic flux from a solenoid coil
Mechanical contact closure from an armature

Correct answer: A low-power control signal that activates the internal semiconductor switch

An SSR uses a low-level DC or AC control signal to switch a semiconductor device (triac, SCR, or transistor) that controls the load circuit with no moving mechanical parts.

Question 5: Which component physically prevents a hoistway door from being opened from the landing side unless the car is in the unlocking zone?

Door restrictor
Retiring cam
Interlock mechanism (Correct answer)
Door closer

Correct answer: Interlock mechanism

The interlock mechanism is the device that prevents hoistway door opening from the landing side when the elevator car is not in the unlocking zone.

Question 6: Which component converts AC to DC for elevator control circuits?

Capacitor
Transformer
Rectifier (Correct answer)
Resistor

Correct answer: Rectifier

Rectifiers are used to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) for elevator control components.

Question 7: What is 'load weighing' used for in a modern elevator control system?

Adjusting motor torque and dispatching decisions based on measured car load
Triggering an overload alarm when the car exceeds the rated capacity
Calculating the annual maintenance schedule based on car trips
Both adjusting motor torque and triggering the overload alarm (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Both adjusting motor torque and triggering the overload alarm

Load weighing devices serve dual purposes: they feed load data to the drive for pre-torque (smooth starts) and trigger full-load or overload bypasses and alarms.

Question 8: What is the PRIMARY purpose of continuing education requirements in Traction Elevator Mechanics for CET professionals?

Fulfilling mandatory regulatory requirements only
Earning additional credentials for career advancement
Maintaining current knowledge and competency as the field evolves (Correct answer)
Networking with other professionals in the field

Correct answer: Maintaining current knowledge and competency as the field evolves

Continuing education in Traction Elevator Mechanics ensures professionals maintain current knowledge and skills as standards, technologies, and best practices evolve in the Certified Elevator Technician field.

Question 9: What is the function of the comb plate on an escalator?

Supports the step axle bearings
Guides the handrail into the newel
Controls step leveling at the upper landing
Meshes with step cleats at the landing to prevent foot entrapment (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Meshes with step cleats at the landing to prevent foot entrapment

The comb plate's fingers interlock with step cleats at each landing, bridging the gap and preventing feet or objects from becoming trapped.

Question 10: On a car with an oil buffer, what is the relationship between the governor tripping speed and buffer design speed?

Governor tripping speed must not exceed the rated buffer design speed (Correct answer)
Buffer speed must equal exactly 115% of governor trip speed
Buffer design speed must be lower than governor tripping speed
They are independent and unrelated per code

Correct answer: Governor tripping speed must not exceed the rated buffer design speed

The governor must trip at or below the speed at which the oil buffer is designed to operate, ensuring the buffer can safely stop the car.

Question 11: What is the primary reason elevator hoist ropes are lubricated at the factory?

To prevent the rope from freezing in cold climates
To increase traction between rope and sheave groove
To make installation easier by reducing friction during threading
To protect wire strands from corrosion and reduce internal friction during bending (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To protect wire strands from corrosion and reduce internal friction during bending

Factory lubrication penetrates the rope core and wire interstices to prevent internal corrosion and reduce metal-to-metal friction as the rope bends over sheaves during service.

Question 12: What issue is indicated by frequent elevator leveling problems?

Stuck call button
Broken ceiling tiles
Faulty leveling sensors or brakes (Correct answer)
Incorrect floor numbering

Correct answer: Faulty leveling sensors or brakes

Frequent leveling issues can signal faulty sensors or brake malfunctions affecting stop accuracy.

Question 13: What is the function of the oil buffer in the elevator pit?

Stores hydraulic fluid for the drive system
Provides a cushion for normal floor-level stops
Lubricates the guide rails
Absorbs kinetic energy to decelerate the car or counterweight (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Absorbs kinetic energy to decelerate the car or counterweight

Oil buffers absorb and dissipate the kinetic energy of an elevator car or counterweight running into them, preventing sudden impact.

Question 14: Under ASME A17.1, what minimum illumination is required inside an elevator car during firefighters' Phase II service?

No specific illumination requirement exists for Phase II
The normal car lighting must remain fully operational
Emergency lighting providing at least 5 foot-candles (Correct answer)
At least 1 foot-candle at floor level

Correct answer: Emergency lighting providing at least 5 foot-candles

ASME A17.1 requires emergency in-car lighting of at least 5 foot-candles during firefighters' service so occupants and firefighters can operate safely.

Question 15: Per ASME A17.1, traveling cables must maintain adequate clearance from:

Only the car guide rails and buffer springs
Only the hoistway walls on both sides of the car
Only the counterweight and counterweight guide rails
All hoistway equipment, structural members, and moving components except at designated attachment points (Correct answer)

Correct answer: All hoistway equipment, structural members, and moving components except at designated attachment points

Traveling cables must be routed to maintain clearance from all equipment and structures in the hoistway to prevent damage from abrasion, pinching, or entanglement during car movement.

Question 16: What is the significance of the 'unswitched' (always-hot) conductor requirement for elevator machine room lighting per NEC Article 620?

Lighting must remain on even when the main line disconnect is opened (Correct answer)
Lighting must use LED fixtures exclusively
Lighting must be switched from inside the machine room door
Lighting must be on a 20A dedicated circuit only

Correct answer: Lighting must remain on even when the main line disconnect is opened

NEC 620.23 requires machine room lighting to be on a circuit that remains energized even when the elevator main line disconnect is open, ensuring technicians have light while working on de-energized equipment.

Question 17: How does risk management apply to daily practice in Accessibility & ADA Compliance for Certified Elevator Technician professionals?

By avoiding high-risk situations entirely
Only through responding to incidents after they occur
Through annual safety audits exclusively
Through proactive identification of potential hazards and implementation of preventive measures (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Through proactive identification of potential hazards and implementation of preventive measures

Effective risk management in Accessibility & ADA Compliance requires proactive hazard identification and preventive measures, not just reactive responses. This approach reduces incidents, improves outcomes, and protects both professionals and clients.

Question 18: What machine room component controls the starting, stopping, and speed of a traction elevator motor?

The governor
The motor-generator set
The selector
The controller (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The controller

The elevator controller is the brain of the system, managing motor starting and stopping, speed regulation, floor selection, and safety circuit monitoring.

Question 19: In an elevator safety circuit, what is a 'series circuit' configuration used for?

Ensuring that ALL safety contacts must be closed for the elevator to run (Correct answer)
Providing redundancy so the system runs if any contact is closed
Reducing voltage drop across each individual safety contact
Distributing power to multiple loads simultaneously

Correct answer: Ensuring that ALL safety contacts must be closed for the elevator to run

Safety devices are wired in series so that opening ANY single safety contact interrupts the entire circuit and stops elevator operation, providing a fail-safe architecture.

Question 20: What type of wire rope construction is most commonly used for elevator hoist ropes?

8×19 Seale, independent wire rope core (IWRC) (Correct answer)
1×7 strand
4×31 Warrington
6×7 fiber core

Correct answer: 8×19 Seale, independent wire rope core (IWRC)

8×19 Seale construction with IWRC is the most common elevator hoist rope, offering a good balance of flexibility, strength, and fatigue resistance.

Question 21: When a conflict arises between standard procedures and a unique situation in Fire Service & Emergency Operations, what should a CET professional prioritize?

The preference of the client or stakeholder
The most cost-effective solution available
Safety and ethical obligations while seeking expert consultation (Correct answer)
Strict adherence to written procedures without exception

Correct answer: Safety and ethical obligations while seeking expert consultation

Safety and ethics always take priority in Fire Service & Emergency Operations. When standard procedures don't adequately address a unique situation, consulting with experienced colleagues or supervisors ensures both safety and professional standards are maintained.

Question 22: What is the maximum time allowed for Phase I recall to be initiated after the fire alarm system sends the recall signal, per ASME A17.1?

20 seconds
5 seconds
10 seconds
Immediately (no delay permitted) (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Immediately (no delay permitted)

ASME A17.1 requires Phase I recall to initiate immediately upon receiving the fire alarm signal with no intentional time delay.

Question 23: The 'stop valve' (manual shutoff) in a hydraulic elevator system is located:

Between the pump unit and the cylinder in the pressure line (Correct answer)
Inside the car operating panel
In the return line between the cylinder and the reservoir
Between the motor and the pump

Correct answer: Between the pump unit and the cylinder in the pressure line

The stop valve isolates the power unit from the cylinder, allowing maintenance on either section without draining the entire system.

Question 24: Which federal law requires elevators in places of employment to meet accessibility standards for persons with disabilities?

Fair Housing Act
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (Correct answer)
Rehabilitation Act of 1973
OSHA 29 CFR 1910

Correct answer: Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires that elevators in places of public accommodation and commercial facilities meet accessibility standards.

Question 25: What is the maximum allowable hoistway door unlocking zone as specified by ASME A17.1?

3 inches above or below the landing
9 inches above or below the landing
6 inches above or below the landing
12 inches above or below the landing (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 12 inches above or below the landing

ASME A17.1 permits the hoistway door to be unlocked within 12 inches above or below the landing level.

Question 26: Which factor most directly determines the sheave groove diameter's effect on rope fatigue life?

Number of grooves on the sheave
Groove hardness
The ratio of sheave pitch diameter to rope diameter (D/d ratio) (Correct answer)
Groove depth

Correct answer: The ratio of sheave pitch diameter to rope diameter (D/d ratio)

The D/d ratio determines the bending radius the rope experiences each cycle; a higher D/d ratio means less bending stress and longer rope fatigue life.

Question 27: How often must routine safety inspections typically be conducted on commercial elevators?

Annually (Correct answer)
When requested by building owner
Only before installation
Every 5 years

Correct answer: Annually

Most jurisdictions require annual safety inspections to ensure continued safe operation and compliance with code requirements.

Question 28: Which NEC article specifically governs electrical wiring and equipment for elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, and moving walks?

NEC Article 517 — Health Care Facilities
NEC Article 430 — Motors, Motor Circuits, and Controllers
NEC Article 620 — Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators, Moving Walks, Platform Lifts, and Stairway Lifts (Correct answer)
NEC Article 480 — Storage Batteries

Correct answer: NEC Article 620 — Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators, Moving Walks, Platform Lifts, and Stairway Lifts

NEC Article 620 is the dedicated article covering all electrical requirements for vertical and horizontal transportation equipment including elevators, escalators, and moving walks.

Question 29: In an elevator control circuit, what does a 'slowdown' switch typically do?

Signals the controller to begin deceleration before reaching a landing (Correct answer)
Stops the car at the terminal floor immediately
Switches the motor from high to low speed winding
Engages the emergency brake system

Correct answer: Signals the controller to begin deceleration before reaching a landing

A slowdown switch triggers the controller to initiate deceleration so the car arrives at a landing at proper leveling speed.

Question 30: The ASME A17.1 code requires that a pit ladder be provided when the pit depth exceeds what measurement?

24 inches
48 inches (Correct answer)
60 inches
36 inches

Correct answer: 48 inches

ASME A17.1 requires a fixed ladder in the pit when pit depth exceeds 35 inches (approximately 36 inches is the threshold that triggers the requirement at 35+ inches).

Question 31: Which standard of practice is MOST important for ensuring quality in Fire Service & Emergency Operations?

Strictly adhering to the same procedure in every situation
Following evidence-based protocols while adapting to specific circumstances (Correct answer)
Minimizing documentation to focus on practical work
Using the most advanced technology available regardless of need

Correct answer: Following evidence-based protocols while adapting to specific circumstances

Evidence-based protocols provide a foundation of proven practices, but effective Certified Elevator Technician professionals must also adapt their approach based on specific circumstances and individual case needs within Fire Service & Emergency Operations.

Question 32: When a conflict arises between standard procedures and a unique situation in Escalator & Moving Walk Systems, what should a CET professional prioritize?

Strict adherence to written procedures without exception
Safety and ethical obligations while seeking expert consultation (Correct answer)
The most cost-effective solution available
The preference of the client or stakeholder

Correct answer: Safety and ethical obligations while seeking expert consultation

Safety and ethics always take priority in Escalator & Moving Walk Systems. When standard procedures don't adequately address a unique situation, consulting with experienced colleagues or supervisors ensures both safety and professional standards are maintained.

Question 33: Under ASME A17.1, the escalator handrail must return to the newel within how many inches of the top edge of the balustrade?

4 inches (Correct answer)
6 inches
3 inches
2 inches

Correct answer: 4 inches

The handrail centerline must be within 4 inches (102 mm) horizontally from the top edge of the balustrade at the point of entry into the newel.

Question 34: Under ASME A17.1, what is the required frequency for performing a 'no-load safety test' on a traction elevator?

Every 6 months (Correct answer)
Every 3 years
Every year
Every 5 years

Correct answer: Every 6 months

ASME A17.1 requires a no-load safety test to be performed every 6 months to verify proper operation of the car safety device.

Question 35: In Accessibility & ADA Compliance, what is the FIRST step a CET professional should take when encountering a new case or situation?

Consult with a supervisor before taking any action
Document the situation and wait for further instructions
Conduct a comprehensive assessment and gather all relevant information (Correct answer)
Implement an immediate solution based on past experience

Correct answer: Conduct a comprehensive assessment and gather all relevant information

In Accessibility & ADA Compliance, a thorough initial assessment ensures all relevant factors are identified before deciding on an appropriate course of action. This systematic approach is fundamental to Certified Elevator Technician practice.

Question 36: What happens to the governor rope tension when the car overspeeds and the governor trips?

Tension reverses direction
Tension remains constant
Tension increases as the rope is gripped (Correct answer)
Tension decreases to zero

Correct answer: Tension increases as the rope is gripped

When the governor trips and grips the rope, tension in the governor rope increases, pulling the safety linkage to engage the car safeties.

Question 37: What is the required minimum height of elevator car control panels measured from the finished floor per ADA?

18 inches
24 inches
15 inches (Correct answer)
12 inches

Correct answer: 15 inches

ADA Section 407.4.6.1 requires car controls to be positioned no lower than 15 inches from the floor, ensuring they are reachable from a wheelchair.

Question 38: According to ADA Standards for Accessible Design, what is the minimum clear floor area required inside an elevator cab for a standard side-entry configuration?

60 inches wide × 60 inches deep
48 inches wide × 51 inches deep (Correct answer)
54 inches wide × 80 inches deep
36 inches wide × 48 inches deep

Correct answer: 48 inches wide × 51 inches deep

ADA requires a minimum clear floor area of 48 inches wide by 51 inches deep for standard elevator cabs with a centered door.

Question 39: The governor sheave diameter on a traction elevator must comply with requirements based on:

The rated load capacity
The diameter of the governor rope (Correct answer)
The hoistway height
The car weight

Correct answer: The diameter of the governor rope

Governor sheave diameter must meet a minimum ratio to the governor rope diameter as specified in ASME A17.1 to prevent rope fatigue.

Question 40: What is the minimum design factor (safety factor) required for elevator hoist ropes under ASME A17.1?

4
7.6 (Correct answer)
10
12

Correct answer: 7.6

ASME A17.1 requires a minimum design factor of 7.6:1 (breaking strength to working load) for elevator wire rope hoist ropes in normal service.

Question 41: What is the function of the car sling (frame) in an elevator installation?

Houses the door operator motor
Carries the suspension ropes and transmits loads to the car platform and safety device (Correct answer)
Connects the governor rope to the car
Encloses the passenger cab interior

Correct answer: Carries the suspension ropes and transmits loads to the car platform and safety device

The car sling is the structural steel frame that suspends the car platform, mounts the guide shoes, and incorporates the safety device plank.

Question 42: A technician notices the elevator car vibrates excessively during travel but the vibration stops once the car enters the leveling zone. This symptom most likely points to:

A faulty car-mounted encoder
A worn drive sheave groove
Guide rail joint misalignment or a loose rail bracket in the mid-hoistway section (Correct answer)
Imbalanced counterweight filler plates

Correct answer: Guide rail joint misalignment or a loose rail bracket in the mid-hoistway section

Vibration limited to travel speed that disappears at low leveling speed typically indicates a rail irregularity — joint step, worn splice, or loose bracket — causing resonance at higher speeds.

Question 43: What is the minimum overhead clearance required above the car top in a typical traction elevator hoistway per ASME A17.1?

18 inches
36 inches
24 inches
The clearance is defined by the specific installation design and code section (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The clearance is defined by the specific installation design and code section

ASME A17.1 specifies overhead clearances based on car speed, equipment height, and runby, so no single fixed value applies universally to all installations.

Question 44: A passenger elevator installed in a new building covered by ADA must have a minimum weight capacity of how many pounds?

1,500 lbs (680 kg) (Correct answer)
1,000 lbs (454 kg)
2,000 lbs (907 kg)
2,500 lbs (1,134 kg)

Correct answer: 1,500 lbs (680 kg)

ADA Section 407.4.1 requires accessible elevators to have a rated load capacity of at least 1,500 lbs to accommodate power wheelchairs, scooters, and attendants.

Question 45: In a traction elevator, what component prevents the counterweight from rebounding excessively after a buffer impact?

The machine brake
The car safety device
Oil buffers with a controlled return stroke (Correct answer)
The governor rope

Correct answer: Oil buffers with a controlled return stroke

Oil (hydraulic) buffers absorb impact energy and have a controlled return stroke to prevent violent rebound of the car or counterweight.

Question 46: When a building fire alarm system activates but the fire is confirmed to be in the basement, elevators should recall to:

The top floor of the building
The main designated level (lobby)
The alternate designated level (one floor above main) (Correct answer)
The floor immediately above the basement

Correct answer: The alternate designated level (one floor above main)

When the main designated level is at or adjacent to the fire floor, elevators recall to the alternate designated level, typically one floor above the main.

Question 47: Which ASME A17.1 requirement mandates that a hydraulic elevator have a low-oil safety device?

Rule 3.19.3 (Correct answer)
Rule 3.26.2
Rule 3.21.1
Rule 3.14.5

Correct answer: Rule 3.19.3

ASME A17.1 Rule 3.19.3 requires hydraulic elevators to have a low-oil safety device that stops descent when oil level drops below a safe minimum.

Question 48: When a conflict arises between standard procedures and a unique situation in Accessibility & ADA Compliance, what should a CET professional prioritize?

Safety and ethical obligations while seeking expert consultation (Correct answer)
The most cost-effective solution available
The preference of the client or stakeholder
Strict adherence to written procedures without exception

Correct answer: Safety and ethical obligations while seeking expert consultation

Safety and ethics always take priority in Accessibility & ADA Compliance. When standard procedures don't adequately address a unique situation, consulting with experienced colleagues or supervisors ensures both safety and professional standards are maintained.

Question 49: What documentation practice is considered essential in Governor & Overspeed Protection within the Certified Elevator Technician field?

Using shorthand notes that can be expanded later if needed
Only documenting unusual events or complications
Recording actions, observations, and outcomes in real-time or as close to the event as possible (Correct answer)
Completing all documentation at the end of the workday

Correct answer: Recording actions, observations, and outcomes in real-time or as close to the event as possible

Real-time or near-real-time documentation in Governor & Overspeed Protection ensures accuracy, provides a contemporaneous record, and is considered the gold standard for professional accountability and legal defensibility.

Question 50: Why is correct alignment of elevator rails critical?

To balance counterweights
To meet design aesthetics
To ensure smooth and safe travel (Correct answer)
To reduce wiring cost

Correct answer: To ensure smooth and safe travel

Proper alignment ensures smooth operation and prevents vibration or derailment of the elevator car.

Question 51: In a microprocessor-based elevator control system, what is a 'serial link' typically used for?

Providing a dedicated safety circuit path for the door contacts
Supplying DC power to the motor encoder
Carrying high-voltage power to the car top junction box
Communicating data between the machine room controller and the car operating panel (COP) (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Communicating data between the machine room controller and the car operating panel (COP)

A serial communication link (e.g., CAN bus or RS-485) transmits button calls, status data, and commands between the controller and the COP, reducing the number of traveling cables needed.

Question 52: What does a 'brake pick' coil do in a dual-coil electromagnetic elevator brake?

Controls the brake release timing relative to motor torque buildup
Provides the initial high-current pulse to rapidly release the brake
Both provides initial high current to open the brake and maintains release with lower current (Correct answer)
Maintains the brake in the released position after the lift coil has acted

Correct answer: Both provides initial high current to open the brake and maintains release with lower current

In a dual-coil brake, the pick (lift) coil provides high initial current to rapidly open the brake while the hold coil then maintains the open position at lower power, reducing heat generation.

Question 53: What is the minimum illumination level required inside an elevator car under ASME A17.1?

5 foot-candles (Correct answer)
10 foot-candles
3 foot-candles
15 foot-candles

Correct answer: 5 foot-candles

ASME A17.1 requires a minimum of 5 foot-candles of illumination at the car threshold and floor level when the car is occupied.

Question 54: What must be verified before energizing an elevator system that has had the traveling cable replaced?

That the new cable has the same outer jacket color as the original
That the cable length is exactly equal to the hoistway height
That all conductors are correctly landed, insulation resistance is acceptable, and no short circuits exist (Correct answer)
That the cable manufacturer is on the approved vendor list

Correct answer: That all conductors are correctly landed, insulation resistance is acceptable, and no short circuits exist

Before energizing, technicians must verify correct terminations at both ends, perform a megger test for insulation integrity, and confirm continuity without shorts between conductors.

Question 55: A smoke detector that initiates Phase I recall is located in the elevator lobby on the third floor. After recalling all elevators to the main floor, which floor's detector caused the recall?

Only the machine room detector
The third-floor lobby detector (Correct answer)
All detectors caused the recall simultaneously
The detector at the designated level

Correct answer: The third-floor lobby detector

Any lobby smoke detector activation initiates Phase I recall; the third-floor detector in this scenario triggered the event.

Question 56: What does a 'step sag' or 'step level' device detect on an escalator?

Comb plate misalignment
Excessive motor current draw
A step that has dropped below the plane of adjacent steps (Correct answer)
Worn handrail surface

Correct answer: A step that has dropped below the plane of adjacent steps

A step level switch detects when a step sags or rises out of the normal tread plane, triggering an emergency stop to prevent a tripping hazard.

Question 57: Under ASME A17.1, what is the maximum allowable governor tripping speed for a traction elevator traveling at 200 fpm?

220 fpm
260 fpm
240 fpm (Correct answer)
280 fpm

Correct answer: 240 fpm

ASME A17.1 requires the governor tripping speed to be not more than 140% of rated speed, so 200 fpm × 1.20 = 240 fpm maximum.

Question 58: Per NEC 620.22, elevator car lighting circuits must not exceed which voltage rating?

480V to permit use of standard building fluorescent fixtures
277V consistent with commercial branch circuit standards
120V to protect car occupants from high-voltage hazards (Correct answer)
24V for low-voltage safety compliance

Correct answer: 120V to protect car occupants from high-voltage hazards

NEC 620.22 limits elevator car lighting to 120V maximum because the car is an occupied space, and lower voltage reduces shock hazard risk to passengers and technicians.

Question 59: On a pallet-type moving walk, what retains the pallets in their proper lateral position along the track?

Pallet axle flanges engaging guide rails (Correct answer)
Comb plate teeth
The handrail drive belt
Guide shoes riding on the truss chord

Correct answer: Pallet axle flanges engaging guide rails

Pallet axle flanges or guide wheels engage dedicated guide rails in the truss to keep each pallet laterally aligned throughout the circuit.

Question 60: What is the maximum allowable angle of inclination for a standard passenger escalator per ASME A17.1?

25 degrees
35 degrees (Correct answer)
45 degrees
30 degrees

Correct answer: 35 degrees

ASME A17.1 permits escalator inclination angles of 30 degrees or less, with 35 degrees allowed under specific conditions for short-rise units.

Question 61: After a fire incident, an elevator that was used for Phase II firefighters' service should be:

Inspected by a certified elevator technician before being returned to normal service (Correct answer)
Recalibrated by the manufacturer before any use
Returned to normal service immediately after the all-clear is announced
Left on Phase II standby mode for 24 hours

Correct answer: Inspected by a certified elevator technician before being returned to normal service

After firefighters' service use, a certified elevator technician should inspect the equipment for damage or faults before returning the elevator to normal public service.

Question 62: What causes 'nuisance tripping' of the elevator main line circuit breaker?

Low insulation resistance in the traveling cable
Incorrect phase sequence at the main disconnect
Excessive motor starting current exceeding the breaker's instantaneous trip rating (Correct answer)
A failed encoder sending false speed signals

Correct answer: Excessive motor starting current exceeding the breaker's instantaneous trip rating

High inrush current during motor starting can exceed the instantaneous trip threshold of an incorrectly sized breaker, causing nuisance trips.

Question 63: What type of safety device is activated by the governor and clamps the guide rails to stop a descending car?

Electromagnetic brake
Pit buffer
Progressive or instantaneous safety (Correct answer)
Pawl device

Correct answer: Progressive or instantaneous safety

Governor-operated safeties (instantaneous or progressive type) grip the guide rails and bring the car to a controlled stop when overspeed is detected.

Question 64: What is the purpose of a silencer or muffler installed on a hydraulic elevator pump unit?

To dampen pressure pulsations and reduce noise from the pump (Correct answer)
To reduce heat generated by the hydraulic fluid
To filter particulates from the return oil
To prevent cavitation in the pump inlet

Correct answer: To dampen pressure pulsations and reduce noise from the pump

Hydraulic pump silencers are installed in the pressure line to absorb pulsations that cause noise and vibration in the piping and car.

Question 65: Per NEC 250.119, which color identifies the equipment grounding conductor in elevator wiring?

Blue, used universally for grounding in three-phase systems
Orange, reserved for ungrounded conductors in high-leg delta systems
Green, green with yellow stripe, or bare copper (Correct answer)
White or gray, consistent with neutral conductor identification

Correct answer: Green, green with yellow stripe, or bare copper

NEC 250.119 requires equipment grounding conductors to be green, green with yellow stripes, or bare copper — this standard applies uniformly across all NEC applications including elevators.

Question 66: A hydraulic elevator with a buried single-bottom cylinder must have the cylinder casing inspected for leaks. The MOST reliable method is:

Pressurizing the casing with compressed air and checking for bubbles
Measuring pit oil levels weekly
Installing a monitoring tube to detect fluid accumulation inside the casing (Correct answer)
Using a metal detector to locate the cylinder

Correct answer: Installing a monitoring tube to detect fluid accumulation inside the casing

A monitoring tube extends from the inside of the casing to an accessible location, allowing technicians to check whether fluid has accumulated, indicating a cylinder leak.

Question 67: When making terminations on elevator control panel wiring, which practice is NOT acceptable?

Using listed wire connectors appropriate for the conductor type and size
Using screw terminals torqued to the manufacturer's specified values
Twisting conductors together without a connector and wrapping with electrical tape (Correct answer)
Using compression-type terminals properly sized for the wire gauge

Correct answer: Twisting conductors together without a connector and wrapping with electrical tape

Bare twisted connections without proper connectors create high-resistance, unreliable joints that can cause intermittent faults, overheating, or fires — particularly dangerous in elevator control circuits.

Question 68: What safety component cuts off power during an elevator malfunction?

Voltage stabilizer
Contactor
Surge protector
Circuit breaker (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Circuit breaker

A circuit breaker or main disconnect switch is designed to interrupt power during overload or faults to protect the system.

Question 69: In a duplex elevator group, what does 'dispatching logic' in the group controller determine?

Which car responds to a hall call based on position, direction, and load (Correct answer)
The leveling sensitivity at each floor
The door open time for each landing
The motor acceleration rate for each individual car

Correct answer: Which car responds to a hall call based on position, direction, and load

Dispatching logic assigns hall calls to the most efficient car based on real-time factors such as car position, travel direction, and passenger load.

Question 70: During Phase II firefighters' service, if power to the elevator is lost, what should the elevator car do?

Automatically transfer to battery lowering operation to descend to the lowest landing (Correct answer)
Sound an alarm and open its doors at the nearest floor
Return immediately to the designated lobby level on backup power
Remain stationary at its current position until power is restored

Correct answer: Automatically transfer to battery lowering operation to descend to the lowest landing

Battery lowering operation activates on power loss to lower the car to the lowest landing and open the doors, allowing trapped passengers to exit.

Question 71: When replacing hydraulic elevator cylinder packing (seals), the technician must FIRST:

Flush the hydraulic system with solvent
Replace the hydraulic fluid entirely
Test the relief valve setting
Relieve all system pressure and support the car on blocking before disassembly (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Relieve all system pressure and support the car on blocking before disassembly

All stored hydraulic pressure must be relieved and the car mechanically supported before any cylinder disassembly to prevent injury from pressurized fluid or car movement.

Question 72: What is the standard color coding for door safety edge wiring on a DC motor-driven door operator?

Red and black
There is no standard color code — refer to the wiring diagram (Correct answer)
Yellow and green
Blue and white

Correct answer: There is no standard color code — refer to the wiring diagram

Elevator wiring color codes are not universally standardized across manufacturers, so technicians must always reference the specific wiring diagram for the equipment being serviced.

Question 73: What documentation practice is considered essential in Door Operators & Interlocks within the Certified Elevator Technician field?

Only documenting unusual events or complications
Using shorthand notes that can be expanded later if needed
Completing all documentation at the end of the workday
Recording actions, observations, and outcomes in real-time or as close to the event as possible (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Recording actions, observations, and outcomes in real-time or as close to the event as possible

Real-time or near-real-time documentation in Door Operators & Interlocks ensures accuracy, provides a contemporaneous record, and is considered the gold standard for professional accountability and legal defensibility.

Question 74: Why are guide rails lubricated in a traction elevator system?

To reduce friction and wear on the car and counterweight guide shoes (Correct answer)
To prevent electrical grounding through the rail
To increase traction between car and rails
To slow the car during emergency stops

Correct answer: To reduce friction and wear on the car and counterweight guide shoes

Lubrication of guide rails minimizes friction and wear between the guide shoes and rails, reducing noise and extending component life.

Question 75: When a conflict arises between standard procedures and a unique situation in Governor & Overspeed Protection, what should a CET professional prioritize?

The preference of the client or stakeholder
The most cost-effective solution available
Strict adherence to written procedures without exception
Safety and ethical obligations while seeking expert consultation (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Safety and ethical obligations while seeking expert consultation

Safety and ethics always take priority in Governor & Overspeed Protection. When standard procedures don't adequately address a unique situation, consulting with experienced colleagues or supervisors ensures both safety and professional standards are maintained.

Question 76: The traveling cable loop in the hoistway must be arranged so that when the car is at the lowest landing:

The loop is kept taut with no excess cable to prevent sway
The loop rests on the pit floor to provide maximum slack for movement
The cable attaches directly to the pit floor for additional support
The loop bottom clears the pit floor and all other obstructions in the pit (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The loop bottom clears the pit floor and all other obstructions in the pit

The cable loop must never contact the pit floor or any other obstruction to prevent abrasion, pinching, and damage that would create electrical hazards and operational failures.

Question 77: A hydraulic elevator car drifts downward more than 3/8 inch within 5 minutes after arrival. According to ASME A17.1, this indicates:

Normal behavior due to thermal contraction of the fluid
An improperly adjusted up-limit switch
A pump that is oversized for the application
Excessive valve leakage that must be corrected before continued operation (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Excessive valve leakage that must be corrected before continued operation

ASME A17.1 sets a maximum allowable settlement limit; excessive drift indicates internal valve leakage that must be repaired to maintain safe leveling.

Question 78: A newly modernized elevator fails its 'full load, full speed' stopping distance test. Which component is MOST likely misadjusted?

Electromagnetic brake torque (Correct answer)
Buffer oil viscosity
Governor tripping speed
Motor soft-starter ramp time

Correct answer: Electromagnetic brake torque

Brake torque directly controls stopping distance; insufficient torque allows the car to overrun, while excessive torque causes abrupt stops, both causing test failure.

Question 79: What is the function of the governor switch (electrical governor contact)?

Activates the car lighting circuit
Cuts power to the motor and applies the brake at the first overspeed threshold (Correct answer)
Engages the governor rope gripper directly
Triggers the buffer engagement

Correct answer: Cuts power to the motor and applies the brake at the first overspeed threshold

The governor switch opens the elevator control circuit at the first tripping speed, removing power from the motor and applying the machine brake.

Question 80: What is the purpose of 'compensating ropes' or 'compensating chains' in a tall-rise traction elevator?

Provide a backup rope system in case primary ropes fail
Connect the car safety to the governor rope
Limit the travel speed on long rises
Compensate for the weight imbalance caused by hoist rope weight shifting as the car travels (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Compensate for the weight imbalance caused by hoist rope weight shifting as the car travels

Compensating ropes or chains loop under the car and counterweight to compensate for the changing weight of hoist ropes as the car moves up and down in high-rise applications.

Question 81: An escalator's rated speed is defined as speed measured at the:

Motor shaft
Handrail surface
Step tread surface in the direction of travel (Correct answer)
Drive sprocket pitch line

Correct answer: Step tread surface in the direction of travel

Rated speed refers to the velocity of the step tread surface in the direction of travel, typically measured in feet per minute.

Question 82: In a machine room, what is the purpose of the 'selector' or 'dispatching system'?

Selects the appropriate brake type for the load
Tracks car position and manages hall and car calls (Correct answer)
Selects the oil type for the hydraulic system
Chooses which motor winding to energize

Correct answer: Tracks car position and manages hall and car calls

The selector is a position-tracking and dispatching system that monitors car location and manages the queue of hall and car calls for efficient service.

Question 83: What does 'harmonic distortion' from an elevator VFD affect in a building electrical system?

The VFD's internal DC bus only
Other equipment connected to the same electrical distribution system (Correct answer)
Only the elevator motor windings
Only lighting circuits on the same phase

Correct answer: Other equipment connected to the same electrical distribution system

VFDs generate harmonic currents that travel through the building's electrical distribution system and can cause overheating, nuisance tripping, and interference with sensitive equipment throughout the building.

Question 84: On a high-speed door operator, what is the primary function of the door nudging feature?

Sounds an alarm when the door is blocked
Reverses the door if resistance exceeds a set threshold
Speeds up door closing when an obstruction is detected for an extended period (Correct answer)
Prevents the door from closing when passengers are detected

Correct answer: Speeds up door closing when an obstruction is detected for an extended period

Door nudging reduces closing speed and sounds a warning signal to clear obstructions that have held the door open beyond the preset time.

Question 85: In a variable-frequency drive (VFD) controlled elevator, what determines the motor's rotational speed?

The output frequency supplied by the VFD (Correct answer)
The gate signal to the IGBT modules
The number of motor poles only
The DC bus voltage level

Correct answer: The output frequency supplied by the VFD

Motor speed in a VFD system is directly proportional to the output frequency, allowing smooth acceleration and deceleration profiles.

Question 86: A governor that has been tripped during a safety test must be manually reset before returning the elevator to service because:

The gripper jaws remain locked on the rope until manually released (Correct answer)
The motor overloads are tripped
The buffer switches need resetting
The control circuit fuses have blown

Correct answer: The gripper jaws remain locked on the rope until manually released

After a governor trip, the jaw mechanism remains engaged and must be manually reset to release the governor rope and allow elevator operation.

Question 87: A firefighter using Phase II service presses a floor button but the doors do not close. What most likely caused this?

Phase I has not been deactivated at the lobby panel
The door close limit switch has failed permanently
The elevator needs to be reset to Phase I before Phase II works
The door open button is being held simultaneously (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The door open button is being held simultaneously

In Phase II, doors will not close if the door open button is being held; releasing it allows the close button to function.

Question 88: What happens to traction if a traction elevator hoist rope becomes oil-contaminated?

The brake compensates automatically
Traction increases due to lubrication
Traction is unaffected
Traction decreases, risking rope slippage on the sheave (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Traction decreases, risking rope slippage on the sheave

Oil contamination significantly reduces the friction coefficient between the rope and sheave groove, diminishing traction capacity.

Question 89: What is cavitation in a hydraulic pump, and what is its PRIMARY cause in elevator systems?

Vapor bubble formation due to fluid inlet restrictions or low reservoir level that collapse and damage pump components (Correct answer)
Excessive pressure buildup caused by a blocked return line
Overheating of the motor winding due to high ambient temperature
Reverse rotation of the pump motor

Correct answer: Vapor bubble formation due to fluid inlet restrictions or low reservoir level that collapse and damage pump components

Cavitation occurs when the pump inlet pressure drops below the fluid's vapor pressure, forming bubbles that implode violently and erode pump components.

Question 90: What does the term 'contract speed' mean in the context of ASME A17.1 elevator regulations?

The speed at which the safety device activates
The maximum speed reached during overspeed testing
The rated speed for which the elevator is designed and tested (Correct answer)
The speed used to calculate minimum buffer capacity

Correct answer: The rated speed for which the elevator is designed and tested

Contract speed is the rated speed specified in the elevator's contract documents, which forms the basis for all code calculations including buffer sizing and governor settings.

Question 91: What is the primary function of a traveling cable in an elevator system?

To balance the weight of the elevator car during travel
To provide emergency braking support to the car
To transmit hydraulic pressure to the car platform
To carry electrical power and control signals between the fixed hoistway wiring and the moving car (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To carry electrical power and control signals between the fixed hoistway wiring and the moving car

The traveling cable provides the continuous electrical connection between stationary building wiring and the moving elevator car, carrying both power and control signals throughout the travel range.

Question 92: What is the purpose of a 'door zone' signal in a microprocessor elevator controller?

Triggers the door open command only when the car is within ±3 inches of a landing (Correct answer)
Activates hall lantern indicators
Enables the car to level within a defined zone of the floor
Inhibits the safety circuit when the car is near a floor

Correct answer: Triggers the door open command only when the car is within ±3 inches of a landing

The door zone signal confirms the car is within approximately ±3 inches of a landing, enabling the door operator to open safely.

Question 93: What is the first step in troubleshooting an elevator fault?

Oil all parts
Verify the fault through indicators or reports (Correct answer)
Reset the main power
Replace all components

Correct answer: Verify the fault through indicators or reports

The first step is to verify the fault through control indicators or user reports before taking further action.

Question 94: An elevator modernization includes upgrading the safeties. When must a new governor be installed along with new safeties?

Whenever the car sill is replaced
Only if the pit depth increases
When the governor's tripping speed is incompatible with the new safety's design speed (Correct answer)
Only if the machine is relocated

Correct answer: When the governor's tripping speed is incompatible with the new safety's design speed

The governor must be replaced if its tripping speed does not match the rated speed requirements of the newly installed safeties.

Question 95: Under ADA accessibility requirements, a 'limited-use/limited-application' (LULA) elevator may be used instead of a standard elevator under which condition?

In any building under 10,000 sq ft per floor
When the building is exempt from the elevator exemption and serves only two or three stories of limited occupancy (Correct answer)
Only in residential buildings with fewer than 4 units
Whenever the vertical rise is less than 12 feet

Correct answer: When the building is exempt from the elevator exemption and serves only two or three stories of limited occupancy

LULA elevators are permitted by ADA in certain low-rise, limited-occupancy applications where a standard elevator is not required but accessibility must still be provided.

Question 96: During inspection of traveling cables, which condition requires immediate removal from service?

Cable length providing 8 inches of excess loop at lowest landing
Slight stiffness observed in cold ambient temperature conditions
Exposed or damaged conductors, severe kinking, or cracked insulation (Correct answer)
Minor surface discoloration from age and normal oxidation

Correct answer: Exposed or damaged conductors, severe kinking, or cracked insulation

Damaged insulation, exposed conductors, or physical deformation create immediate shock hazards and unreliable electrical connections that must be corrected before the elevator is returned to service.

Question 97: What effect do worn sheave grooves have on elevator hoist rope life?

Cause the ropes to stretch more uniformly
Reduce contact area and cause rapid rope fatigue and wear (Correct answer)
Improve grip and reduce rope wear
Have no measurable effect on rope life

Correct answer: Reduce contact area and cause rapid rope fatigue and wear

Worn or corrugated sheave grooves concentrate rope stress on fewer wires, dramatically accelerating fatigue and shortening rope service life.

Question 98: According to ASME A17.1, a hydraulic elevator must be equipped with a device that stops the car if the descent speed exceeds the rated speed by more than:

50%
25% (Correct answer)
10%
40%

Correct answer: 25%

ASME A17.1 requires a governor or speed-sensing device to stop the car if down speed exceeds 125% (25% over) of rated speed.

Question 99: Which of the following BEST describes the function of a bi-parting center-opening door system?

The doors open vertically rather than horizontally
Both door panels move toward the same side wall
One panel opens while the other remains stationary
Each door panel moves in opposite directions away from center (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Each door panel moves in opposite directions away from center

In a bi-parting center-opening door system, two panels simultaneously move away from each other toward opposite sides of the opening.

Question 100: What is the maximum time delay allowed between the arrival of an elevator at a landing and the opening of the doors, per ASME A17.1 accessibility provisions?

5 seconds after arrival
The doors must begin opening at landing (Correct answer)
2 seconds after arrival
3 seconds after arrival

Correct answer: The doors must begin opening at landing

ASME A17.1 requires doors to begin opening at landing without delay; any hold-open dwell time starts after the doors have opened.

Certified Elevator Technician (CET)

The NAEC CET certification validates advanced knowledge and skill in elevator installation, maintenance, repair, and safety compliance. It is the professional benchmark for elevator technicians, covering electrical systems, mechanical systems, safety codes, and troubleshooting.

100

Questions

180 min

Time Limit

70%

To Pass

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