Holter Monitoring & Ambulatory ECG Flashcards
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Read the first 7 Holter Monitoring & Ambulatory ECG flashcards as text
A Holter recording reveals Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) pattern during sinus rhythm. The key ECG features the technician should identify are:
Answer: Short PR interval, delta wave, and widened QRS
WPW is identified by a short PR interval (<120 ms), slurred upstroke delta wave, and widened QRS due to ventricular pre-excitation via an accessory pathway.
When downloading data from a digital Holter recorder, the technician should verify which of the following BEFORE removing the flash card or disconnecting the device?
Answer: The full recording duration matches the prescribed monitoring period
Confirming that the expected recording hours were captured before disconnecting ensures no data is missing before beginning the analysis.
A Holter report documents 'R-on-T phenomenon.' Why is this considered a potentially dangerous finding?
Answer: A PVC landing on the T-wave vulnerable period can trigger ventricular fibrillation
The T-wave peak represents the relative refractory period; a PVC occurring at this time can initiate re-entrant ventricular fibrillation.
During Holter analysis, the technician notices a regularly irregular rhythm where the PR interval progressively lengthens until a P wave is not conducted. This is classified as:
Answer: Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) second-degree AV block
Progressive PR lengthening culminating in a non-conducted P wave is the defining feature of Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) second-degree AV block.
A patient calls to report the Holter monitor 'beeped twice and the light went off' 10 hours into a 24-hour study. This MOST likely indicates:
Answer: Low battery or recording failure requiring the patient to return
Alarm signals mid-study typically indicate battery failure or recording error, and the patient should return to the lab to prevent loss of the remaining monitoring period.
Which of the following patient activities documented in the Holter diary would be MOST relevant to the interpreting physician reviewing ST-segment changes?
Answer: Periods of physical exertion or emotional stress
Physical and emotional stress increase myocardial oxygen demand, making ST changes during these activities most clinically relevant for ischemia evaluation.
A Holter recording shows sinus rhythm with intermittent complete LBBB morphology (wide QRS, QRS ≥120 ms) that appears only at faster heart rates. This phenomenon is called:
Answer: Rate-dependent bundle branch block (aberrant conduction)
Rate-dependent (phase 3) bundle branch block occurs when faster rates exceed the refractory period of a bundle branch, causing intermittent aberrant conduction.