CES Anatomy and Biomechanics Flashcards
6 cards from real CES practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 CES Anatomy and Biomechanics flashcards as text
A force-couple refers to which mechanical concept?
Answer: Two or more forces acting in opposite directions to produce rotation
A force-couple is created when two or more forces act in opposite directions to produce a pure rotational (torque) effect on a segment.
Which structure is responsible for detecting changes in muscle length and triggering the stretch reflex?
Answer: Muscle spindle
Muscle spindles (intrafusal fibers) are sensory receptors that detect changes in muscle length and rate of stretch, triggering a reflexive contraction.
What is the primary function of the Golgi tendon organ (GTO)?
Answer: Detect changes in muscle tension and inhibit excessive contraction
The GTO detects changes in muscle tension and triggers autogenic inhibition to prevent excessive force that could damage the musculotendinous unit.
The 'length-tension relationship' in muscle physiology states that a muscle produces optimal force when it is at what length?
Answer: At or near its resting length
Muscles produce maximal force at or near their resting length because this position allows optimal overlap of actin and myosin filaments.
What does the term 'synergistic dominance' describe in the context of corrective exercise?
Answer: Synergist muscles compensating for an inhibited prime mover
Synergistic dominance occurs when synergist muscles take over the role of an inhibited prime mover, leading to altered movement patterns and potential injury.
Which muscle group forms the anatomical core and is considered the deepest layer of abdominal stabilizers?
Answer: Transverse abdominis
The transverse abdominis (TVA) is the deepest abdominal muscle and a primary stabilizer of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, increasing intra-abdominal pressure to protect the spine.